Table 3.
Clinical and socio-demographic factors associated with PCS-12 and MCS-12 by Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression
| |
PCS-12 |
|
MCS-12 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coeff. | 95% CI | P-value | Coeff. | 95% CI | P-value | ||
|
Model 1 (R2 = 0.216; Adj R2 = 0.206) |
|
|
|
Model 1 (R2 = 0.035; Adj R2 = 0.023) |
|
|
|
|
Socio-demographic |
|
|
|
Socio-demographic |
|
|
|
| Age |
−0.29 |
(−0.37,−0.20) |
<0.001* |
Age |
0.07 |
(0.01,0.13) |
0.020* |
| Female |
−3.50 |
(−5.39,−1.60) |
<0.001* |
Female |
−1.60 |
(−2.96,−0.24) |
0.021* |
| Educational (No formal education) |
|
|
|
Educational (No formal education) |
|
|
|
| Secondary or above |
1.76 |
(−0.61,4.13) |
0.145 |
Secondary or above |
−0.89 |
(−2.59,0.81) |
0.304 |
| Primary School |
−0.91 |
(−2.93,1.10) |
0.374 |
Primary School |
−2.04 |
(−3.49,−0.59) |
0.006* |
| Married |
1.56 |
(3.49,−0.37) |
0.114 |
Married |
0.09 |
(1.48,−1.29) |
0.894 |
| Professional and Skilled |
1.11 |
(−0.79,3.02) |
0.253 |
Professional and Skilled |
0.47 |
(−0.90,1.83) |
0.505 |
| Monthly Income ≥ HKD$20,000 |
1.14 |
(−1.51,3.79) |
0.399 |
Monthly Income ≥ HKD$20,000 |
0.93 |
(−0.97,2.83) |
0.338 |
|
Model 2 (R2 = 0.252; Adj R2 = 0.229) |
|
|
|
Model 2 (R2 = 0.074; Adj R2 = 0.045) |
|
|
|
|
Socio-demographic |
|
|
|
Socio-demographic |
|
|
|
| Age |
−0.30 |
(−0.38,−0.21) |
<0.001* |
Age |
0.09 |
(0.03,0.15) |
0.005* |
| Female |
−3.48 |
(−5.36,−1.60) |
<0.001* |
Female |
−1.73 |
(−3.08,−0.39) |
0.012* |
| Educational (No formal education) |
|
|
|
Educational (No formal education) |
|
|
|
| Secondary or above |
1.11 |
(−1.25,3.47) |
0.358 |
Secondary or above |
−0.54 |
(−2.24,1.15) |
0.530 |
| Primary School |
−1.28 |
(−3.30,0.73) |
0.211 |
Primary School |
−1.79 |
(−3.23,−0.35) |
0.015* |
| Married |
1.46 |
(−0.44,3.36) |
0.133 |
Married |
0.23 |
(−1.13,1.60) |
0.736 |
| Professional and Skilled |
1.09 |
(−0.80,2.97) |
0.259 |
Professional and Skilled |
0.63 |
(−0.72,1.99) |
0.361 |
| Monthly Income ≥ HKD$20,000 |
1.11 |
(−1.50,3.72) |
0.405 |
Monthly Income ≥ HKD$20,000 |
0.92 |
(−0.95,2.79) |
0.333 |
|
Clinical |
|
|
|
Clinical |
|
|
|
| HbA1C |
0.05 |
(−0.58,0.68) |
0.872 |
HbA1C |
0.06 |
(−0.39,0.51) |
0.801 |
| BMI |
−0.28 |
(−0.49,−0.08) |
0.006* |
BMI |
0.15 |
(0.00,0.29) |
0.048* |
| Duration of DM >5 years |
−0.25 |
(−1.86,1.36) |
0.763 |
Duration of DM >5 years |
−0.05 |
(−1.21,1.10) |
0.931 |
| Oral Hypoglycaemic Drug |
0.56 |
(−2.51,3.64) |
0.719 |
Oral Hypoglycaemic Drug |
−1.09 |
(−3.29,1.12) |
0.334 |
| Insulin Injection |
−3.79 |
(−9.02,1.45) |
0.156 |
Insulin Injection |
−5.80 |
(−9.56,−2.05) |
0.002* |
| DM complications |
−3.04 |
(−5.66,−0.42) |
0.023* |
DM complications |
0.31 |
(−1.57,2.19) |
0.743 |
| Hypertension |
−1.55 |
(−4.67,1.57) |
0.330 |
Hypertension |
1.99 |
(−0.25,4.23) |
0.082 |
|
Model 3 (R2 = 0.252; Adj R2 = 0.228) |
|
|
|
Model 3 (R2 = 0.085; Adj R2 = 0.055) |
|
|
|
|
Socio-demographic |
|
|
|
Socio-demographic |
|
|
|
| Age |
−0.30 |
(−0.38,−0.21) |
<0.001* |
Age |
0.09 |
(0.03,0.15) |
0.005* |
| Female |
−3.56 |
(−5.45,−1.66) |
<0.001* |
Female |
−1.81 |
(−3.17,−0.45) |
0.009* |
| Educational (No formal education) |
|
|
|
Educational (No formal education) |
|
|
|
| Secondary or above |
1.10 |
(−1.26,3.46) |
0.362 |
Secondary or above |
−0.55 |
(−2.25,1.14) |
0.521 |
| Primary School |
−1.31 |
(−3.33,0.70) |
0.201 |
Primary School |
−1.82 |
(−3.26,−0.38) |
0.013* |
| Married |
1.43 |
(−0.47,3.34) |
0.140 |
Married |
0.21 |
(−1.16,1.57) |
0.765 |
| Professional and Skilled |
1.04 |
(−0.85,2.94) |
0.279 |
Professional and Skilled |
0.59 |
(−0.77,1.94) |
0.396 |
| Monthly Income ≥ HKD$20,000 |
1.14 |
(−1.47,3.74) |
0.393 |
Monthly Income ≥ HKD$20,000 |
0.95 |
(−0.92,2.82) |
0.318 |
|
Clinical |
|
|
|
Clinical |
|
|
|
| HbA1C |
0.06 |
(−0.57,0.68) |
0.863 |
HbA1C |
0.06 |
(−0.39,0.51) |
0.788 |
| BMI |
−0.80 |
(−2.42,0.82) |
0.334 |
BMI |
−0.39 |
(−1.55,0.77) |
0.508 |
| BMI2 |
0.01 |
(−0.02,0.04) |
0.529 |
BMI2 |
0.01 |
(−0.01,0.03) |
0.358 |
| Duration of DM >5 years |
−0.24 |
(−1.85,1.37) |
0.767 |
Duration of DM >5 years |
−0.05 |
(−1.20,1.11) |
0.937 |
| Oral Hypoglycaemic Drugs |
0.59 |
(−2.48,3.66) |
0.706 |
Oral Hypoglycaemic Drugs |
−1.06 |
(−3.26,1.14) |
0.346 |
| Insulin Injections |
−3.82 |
(−9.05,1.42) |
0.153 |
Insulin Injections |
−5.83 |
(−9.59,−2.08) |
0.002* |
| DM complications |
−3.04 |
(−5.66,−0.42) |
0.023* |
DM complications |
0.31 |
(−1.56,2.19) |
0.743 |
| Hypertension | −1.46 | (−4.59,1.67) | 0.361 | Hypertension | 2.08 | (−0.16,4.33) | 0.069 |
Note: BMI body mass index, HbA1c glycated haemoglobin, HT Hypertension, MCS-12 Chinese (HK) SF-12 mental component summary, PCS-12 Chinese (HK) SF-12 physical component summary, SF-12 short-form 12, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus.
*Significant difference (p < 0.05) on regression coefficient.