Table 1.
Baseline demographic data, echocardiographic characteristics, and adipose tissue measurements of the 149 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis included in the study
| |
No LVDD |
LVDD |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | (n = 84) | (n = 65) | p |
| Age (years) |
53.4 ± 14.8 |
57.8 ± 11.7 |
0.035* |
| Women (%) |
43 (51) |
40 (62) |
0.25 |
| HTN (n) |
50 |
56 |
<0.001* |
| DM (n) |
23 |
25 |
0.16 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) |
96.2 ± 19.5 |
97.3 ± 11.8 |
0.69 |
| HDL (mg/dL) |
38.9 ± 8.3 |
41.7 ± 12.6 |
0.26 |
| LDL (mg/dL) |
83.2 ± 33.5 |
99.1 ± 38.0 |
0.05* |
| TG (mg/dL) |
125.3 ± 85.3 |
142.4 ± 96.1 |
0.23 |
| Height (cm) |
163 ± 5.9 |
162 ± 6.5 |
0.30 |
| Body weight (kg) |
59 ± 10.5 |
60 ± 11.7 |
0.82 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
23 ± 3.9 |
24 ± 3.2 |
0.46 |
| CRP (mg/dL) |
0.74 ± 0.99 |
2.13 ± 1.73 |
<0.001* |
| Primary renal diagnosis |
|
|
|
| DM |
29 |
25 |
0.61 |
| CGN |
25 |
17 |
0.59 |
| Other |
30 |
23 |
0.87 |
| Time on PD (h) |
18.9 ± 1.6 |
19.1 ± 1.3 |
0.46 |
| Kt/V |
1.72 ± 0.34 |
1.91 ± 0.25 |
0.57 |
| Residual renal function (mL/min) |
1.94 ± 0.31 |
2.31 ± 0.22 |
0.25 |
|
Echocardiographic characteristics | |||
| LV end-diastolic diameter (mm) |
48.4 ± 6.7 |
50.9 ± 7.4 |
0.03* |
| LV end-systolic diameter (mm) |
30.4 ± 6.2 |
32.5 ± 8.1 |
0.04* |
| LA diameter (mm) |
32.6 ± 6.5 |
37.3 ± 5.8 |
<0.001* |
| LV ejection fraction (%) |
64.4 ± 7.9 |
66.2 ± 9.1 |
0.17 |
| E (cm/s) |
71.4 ± 20.0 |
89.4 ± 32.0 |
<0.001* |
| A (cm/s) |
88.6 ± 20.2 |
104.8 ± 30.1 |
<0.001* |
| E/A |
0.97 ± 0.46 |
0.77 ± 0.35 |
0.003* |
| DT (ms) |
200.9 ± 45.2 |
238.7 ± 78.7 |
<0.001* |
| e’ (cm/s) |
7.6 ± 2.4 |
5.7 ± 2.0 |
<0.001* |
| E/e’ |
10.2 ± 4.0 |
17.0 ± 8.1 |
<0.001* |
| LV mass index (g/cm3) |
213.4 ± 63.9 |
245.3 ± 77.6 |
0.03* |
| EpF (mm) |
2.8 ± 1.6 |
5.1 ± 2.6 |
<0.001* |
|
Adipose tissue distribution |
|
|
|
| Total fat (cm2) |
242.7 ± 87.2 |
335.0 ± 207.5 |
0.001* |
| Subcutaneous fat (cm2) |
123.8 ± 60.6 |
170.2 ± 79.3 |
0.001* |
| Visceral fat (cm2) |
89.3 ± 60.4 |
128.1 ± 77.1 |
0.006* |
| Peritoneal fat (cm2) |
52.2 ± 45.9 |
88.5 ± 71.2 |
0.003* |
| Retroperitoneal fat (cm2) | 385.0 ± 241.5 | 481.3 ± 289.1 | 0.07 |
The data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations:LVDD left ventricular diastolic dysfunction; BMI body mass index; WC waist circumference; DM diabetes mellitus; CGN chronic glomerular nephritis; HTN hypertension; HOMA homeostasis model of insulin resistance; CRP C-reactive protein; LDL low density lipoprotein; HDL high density lipoprotein; TG triglyceride; PD peritoneal dialysis; kt/v, k = dialyzer clearance of urea, t = dialysis time, v = volume of distribution of urea, approximately equal to the patient’s total body water; LA left atrial; LV left ventricular; E mitral inflow E wave; A mitral inflow A wave; DT mitral inflow deceleration time; e’, peak annular early diastolic velocity of the lateral mitral annulus in tissue Doppler imaging; IVRT interventricular relaxation time; EpF epicardial fat. *, p < 0.05.