Table 3.

Other experimental indications for ECP therapy.

Disease	Number of patients	Trial and results	Study
Systemic sclerosis	64	Multicenter, RCT of ECP versus sham with significant improvement in skin scores compared with baseline for ECP group	Knobler et al. [2006]
Solid-organ transplant rejection	61	Phase II RCT in cardiac transplantation of conventional ISP versus ISP + ECP with a significant reduction in acute rejection episodes for ECP group	Barr et al. [1998]
Crohn’s disease	28	Multicenter single-arm study of ECP in moderate–severe, refractory Crohn’s with 50% responding according to the Crohn’s disease activity index score	Abreu et al. [2009]
Atopic dermatitis	35	Bicenter single-arm study of ECP in severe, refractory patients with 73% responding and a significant overall reduction in atopic dermatitis score	Radenhausen et al. [2004]
Type I diabetes	40	RCT of ECP versus sham in newly diagnosed patients with significantly lower insulin requirements for ECP group	Ludvigsson et al. [2001]
Pemphigus vulgaris	4	Case series of treatment refractory patients with three of four experiencing complete remission and able to wean other ISP	Rook et al. [1989]
Rheumatoid arthritis	7	Open-label pilot study with four apparent responders	Malawista et al. [1991]
Systemic lupus erythematosus	10	Open-label pilot study with seven of eight patients completing the trial responding with a significant decrease in clinical activity score	Knobler et al. [1992]
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis	3	Case series with all patients showing clinical response including softening of skin plaques and improved range of movement in all four limbs	Mathur et al. [2008]

ECP, extracorporeal photopheresis; ISP, immunosuppression; RCT, randomized controlled trial.