Figure 1.
Apoptotic bodies attract EPCs to the wound site. (A) Highly circumscribed delineated regions of apoptosis were created with a highly collimated beam of red light in endothelial monolayers that had been pretreated with the photodynamic agent verteporfin. (Ai) Addition of DiI-labeled EPCs showing site-specific targeting as indicated by the cluster of red fluorescent cells (white arrow). (Aii) Phase-contrast micrograph of a similar wound showing clustering of EPCs at 24 hours (red circle: area of wound and adhesion of EPCs). (Aiii) Presence of apoptotic bodies attracted more EPCs compared with wounds in which they had been removed from the wound site (Av). Large proportion of EPCs (red) showed incorporation among RMECs (green) in the presence of apoptotic bodies (Aiv), whereas the number was reduced in their absence (Avi). Scale bar, 100 µm. (B) Quantification of EPCs at the wound site showed a significantly large proportion of EPCs due to the presence of apoptotic bodies, P < 0.05.