Table 3.
Factors associated with hypertension awareness among hypertensive individuals in the Golestan Cohort Study
| Aware, Number (%) | Unaware, Number (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Model 1* OR (95% CI) | Model 2** OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||
| Total | 9,871 (46.2) | 11,479 (53.8) | |||
|
| |||||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 2,549 (31.9) | 5,436 (68.1) | 1 | NA | 1 |
| Female | 7,322 (54.8) | 6,043 (45.2) | 2.58 (2.44,2.74) | 2.53 (2.34,2.74) | |
|
| |||||
| Age | |||||
| Below 50 | 3,099 (38.8) | 4,891 (61.2) | 1 | NA | 1 |
| 50–60 years | 3,707 (49.0) | 3,854 (51.0) | 1.52 (1.42,1.62) | 1.62 (1.52,1.74) | |
| Above 60 | 3,065 (52.9) | 2,734 (47.1) | 1.77 (1.65,1.89) | 2.28 (2.11,2.47) | |
|
| |||||
| BMI | |||||
| Underweight | 225 (37.7) | 372 (62.3) | 0.99 (0.83,1.18) | 0.88 (0.74,1.06) | 0.88 (0.73,1.05) |
| Normal | 2,249 (37.9) | 3,690 (62.1) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Overweight | 3,516 (45.8) | 4,162 (54.2) | 1.39 (1.29,1.49) | 1.41 (1.31,1.52) | 1.40 (1.30,1.50) |
| Obese | 3,881 (54.4) | 3,255 (45.6) | 1.96 (1.82,2.10) | 1.86 (1.72,2.00) | 1.82 (1.68,1.96) |
|
| |||||
| Place of residence | |||||
| Rural | 7,710 (45.6) | 9,203 (54.4) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Urban | 2,161 (48.7) | 2,276 (51.3) | 1.13 (1.06,1.21) | 1.06 (0.99,1.14) | 0.93 (0.86,1.00) |
|
| |||||
| Literacy | |||||
| Illiterate | 8,154 (49.8) | 8,228 (50.2) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Literate | 1,717 (34.6) | 3,251 (65.4) | 0.53 (0.50,0.57) | 0.97 (0.90,1.05) | 0.84 (0.77,0.92) |
|
| |||||
| Ethnicity | |||||
| Turkmen | 7,449 (45.8) | 8,798 (54.2) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Non-Turkmen | 2,422 (47.5) | 2,681 (52.5) | 1.07 (1.00,1.14) | 1.01 (0.95,1.08) | 1.08 (1.00,1.15) |
|
| |||||
| Physical activity | |||||
| No | 9,396 (47.9) | 10,203 (52.1) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 475 (27.1) | 1,276 (72.9) | 0.40 (0.36,0.45) | 0.67 (0.60,0.75) | 0.70 (0.62,0.78) |
|
| |||||
| Smoking | |||||
| Never | 8,501 (48.4) | 9,077 (51.6) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Light smoker | 209 (33.1) | 423 (66.9) | 0.53 (0.45,0.62) | 1.00 (0.84,1.20) | 1.11 (0.93,1.33) |
| Heavy smoker | 276 (29.1) | 673 (70.9) | 0.44 (0.38,0.51) | 0.88 (0.75,1.02) | 1.01 (0.86,1.18) |
| Ex-smoker | 500 (39.2) | 777 (60.8) | 0.69 (0.61,0.77) | 1.28 (1.12,1.45) | 1.34 (1.18,1.53) |
| Others | 385 (42.1) | 529 (57.9) | 0.78 (0.68,0.89) | 1.04 (0.90,1.20) | 1.16 (1.00,1.35) |
|
| |||||
| Wealth score | |||||
| 1 unit increase | - | - | 1.36 (1.18,1.55) | 1.77 (1.53,2.04) | 1.55 (1.32,1.82) |
CI, confidence interval; OR, odd ratio; NA, not applicable; BMI, body mass index.
*
Model 1: adjusted for age and sex;
**
Model 2: including all variables in the table. BMI: body mass index; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval