PCE reduces growth. (A) Cocaine (18.38±0.6 g/d) and SPF (18.44±0.6 g/d) dams consumed less food than saline dams (21.33±0.5 g/d). For panels A, B and D, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 for saline compared to SPF or cocaine, t-test. (B) The weight of cocaine-treated and SPF dams were similar throughout pregnancy and both weighed less than saline-exposed dams. (C) Cocaine pups weighed less than saline pups through week 6 and weighed less than SPF pups through week 7. SPF pups weighed less than saline pups on weeks 1 and 2 (p<0.05, t-test), but weighed more than saline pups after week 3 (p<0.01, t-test). (D) Saline pups had a larger cranial (bi-parietal) diameter than either cocaine or SPF pups after week 1 and there was no difference in the cranial diameter of cocaine and SPF mice (p>0.1 t-test).