Fig. 1.

Various changes induced by the unbalance of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP) following seizures. Alteration of MMP/TIMP system induces the neurochemical changes in neurotrophins, proteoglycans, and integrins after status epilepticus and kindling, which is associated with structural and functional changes in the cerebral cortex and mesocorticolimbic system, leading to the development of seizure susceptibility. BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NGF, nerve growth factor.