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. 2011 Aug 3;2(2):109–114. doi: 10.1016/j.phrp.2011.07.001

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© 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Ingenol treatment reduced Gag p24 production, whereas cytokines and chemokines were induced during HIV infection after ingenol treatment. MT4 cells were infected with HIV-1_IIIB at multiplicity of infection (MOI; 0.004 [50 TCID₅₀]) after treatment with 5 μM ingenol and supernatants analyzed every 3 days thereafter . (A) p24 antigen production measured by ELISA showed reduced level by ingenol treatment. (B) Cytokine production including TNF-α and IL-6 was induced by ingenol during HIV infection at day 6 postinfection. (C) Chemokine production was induced by ingenol during HIV infection at day 6 postinfection. RANTES and MIP-1α were highly increased whereas MIP-1β, MCP-1, and eotaxin were moderately or slightly increased by ingenol treatment. Data represent means ± SD of three independent experiments.