Table 3.

Alcohol dependence and childhood maltreatments: parental history^a as an effect modifier

Maltreatment	Adjustedb odds ratios and 95% confidence intervalsc						AP (95% CI)c
	Parental history onlyd		Maltreatment onlye		Parental history and maltreatmentf
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	AP	95% CI
Sexual abuse
Total sample	2.56	2.32–2.82	1.92	1.62–2.27	4.76	3.97–5.71	0.27*	0.12–0.42
Men	2.14	1.90–2.40	0.64	0.49–0.83	1.38	1.08–1.76	−0.29	−0.66–0.07
Women	2.69	2.31–3.16	3.10	2.51–3.81	6.96	5.59–867	0.31*	0.15–0.48
Physical abuse
Total sample	2.66	2.29–3.10	1.88	1.58–2.23	4.48	3.61–5.56	0.21*	0.03–0.39
Men	2.05	1.82–2.32	2.09	1.77–2.43	3.42	2.86–4.09	0.09	−0.09–0.26
Women	2.89	2.47–3.37	2.20	1.79–2.71	4.67	3.78–5.76	0.12	−0.80–0.33
Emotional abuse
Total sample	2.36	2.15–2. 95	2.01	1.74–2.32	3.49	3.30–4.06	0.03	−0.12–0.19
Men	2.12	1.87–2.46	1.80	1.52–2.14	2.72	2.27–3.25	−0.08	−0.29–0.14
Women	2.86	3.32–2.39	2.34	1.88–2.91	4.62	3.72–5.72	0.09	−0.11–0.30
Physical neglect
Total sample	2.66	2.39–2.97	1.72	1.48–1.99	3.71	3.15–4.36	0.09	−0.08–0.26
Men	2.16	1.915–2.45	1.60	1.35–1.90	2.44	1.99–2.98	−0.13	−0.39–0.12
Women	2.83	2.41–3.32	1.95	1.57–2.43	4.39	3.56–5.42	0.14	−0.06–0.34
Emotional neglect
Total sample	2.59	2.34–2.85	1.09	0.89–1.34	3.46	2.76–4.33	0.22*	0.03–0.42
Men	2.05	1.82–2.32	0.73	0.56–0.95	1.92	1.42–2.58	0.07	−0.25–0.39
Women	2.77	2.40–3.21	1.67	1.27–2.18	4.62	3.56–6.00	0.26*	0.04–0.47

OR, Odds ratio; CI, confidence intervals; AP, attributable proportion.

^aBiological mother or father had alcohol problems.

^bORs for three indicator variables (parental history and no maltreatment; no parental history and maltreatment; parental history and maltreatment) adjusting for demographics and a binary variable measuring the presence of other adverse childhood experiences (caregiver was incarcerated, caregiver attempted or committed suicide, respondent lived in foster home or institution, respondent’s parents divorced or died, respondent saw serious fights at home).

^cAnalyses were conducted according to the method of Andersson et al. (2005).

^dOR measuring the risk of alcohol dependence conferred by having a parental history of alcohol problems in the absence of the maltreatment.

^eOR measuring the risk of alcohol dependence conferred by experiencing the specific maltreatment indicated in the row, in the absence having a parental history of alcohol problems.

^fOR measuring the risk of alcohol dependence conferred by experiencing the maltreatment in the presence of a parental history of alcohol problems.

^*Attributable proportion due to interaction is significant (p<0.05).