Table I.
Characteristics of the secondary AML patients who failed AZA treatment.
| Secondary AML (n = 74) | |
|---|---|
| Median age (years) | 70 |
| Male/female | 1·6 (46/28) |
| Therapy-related (Unknown = 8) | 4/66 (6%) |
| Disease duration before AZA | |
| <1 year | 22 (30%) |
| 1–2 years | 21 (29%) |
| More than 2 years | 31 (41%) |
| Median bone marrow blast before AZA (%) | 48% (30–74%) |
| Cytogenetics (AML stratification) | |
| Intermediate risk | 47 (64%) |
| High risk | 27 (36%) |
| Frontline AZA treatment | 36 (49%) |
| AZA-based combination | 27 (36%) |
| Cycle1 dose of AZA > 500 mg/m2 | 59 (79%) |
| Median duration of AZA cycles | 29 days |
| Number of AZA cycles | |
| 6 or less | 54 (73%) |
| 7–12 | 13 (18%) |
| More than 12 | 7 (9%) |
| Type of failure | |
| Primary failure with SD | 30 (42%) |
| Primary Failure with PD | 21 (28%) |
| Secondary failure (after prior response) | 21 (28%) |
| AZA intolerance | 2 (2%) |
AML, acute myeloid leukaemia; AZA, azacitidine; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease.
AZA courses are described with the total dose per cycle; 500 mg/m2/cycle (corresponding to 95% of the registered 75 mg/m2/day for 7 days schedule) was defined as the reference dose.