Table 2.
Specific complication rates for patients with major morbidity and mortality after surgery and relationship with duration and magnitude of MAP below lower limit of cerebral blood flow autoregulation measured with cerebral oximetry index.
| Autoregulation Threshold (n=348) | No Threshold Determined (n=62) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66±12 | 65±9 | 0.4445 |
| Male gender (%) | 72.5 | 88.9 | 0.006 |
| Baseline creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0± 0.3 | 1.1±0.3 | 0.7423 |
| Baseline eGFR (ml×min−1×1.73m−2) | 56±21 | 62±26 | 0.2853 |
| Prior CVA (%) | 8.3 | 9.7 | 0.802 |
| COPD (%) | 11.1 | 6.4 | 0.359 |
| Current smoker (%) | 16.0 | 16.1 | 1.0 |
| PVD (%) | 13.9 | 6.4 | 0.139 |
| Hypertension (%) | 74.2 | 75.8 | 0.896 |
| Diabetes (%) | 33.4 | 40.3 | 0.307 |
| Congestive heart failure (%) | 15.7 | 12.9 | 0.698 |
| Prior myocardial infarction (%) | 25.4 | 29.0 | 0.632 |
| Prior cardiac surgery | 7.0 | 8.1 | 0.786 |
| Aspirin (%) | 70.0 | 66.1 | 0.442 |
| Beta-blockers (%) | 58.2 | 54.8 | 0.569 |
| ACE-I (%) | 36.6 | 22.6 | 0.028 |
| Statins (%) | 62.0 | 71.0 | 0.305 |
| Baseline pulse pressure (mmHg) | 65±19 | 64±17 | 0.6989 |
| Pulse pressure ≥ 60 mmHg (%) | 62.0 | 55.5 | 0.393 |
| Type of Surgery | |||
| CABG (%) | 62.0 | 62.9 | 0.741 |
| CABG/AVR (%) | 11.8 | 9.7 | |
| CABG/MVR (%) | 2.1 | 4.8 | |
| AVR (%) | 18.1 | 16.1 | |
| MVR (%) | 5.9 | 6.4 | |
| CPB duration (min) | 108±39 | 105±32 | 0.6311 |
| Cross clamp (min) | 69±27 | 68±22 | 0.7204 |
| Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury (%) | 34.8 | 35.5 | 0.208 |
| Postoperative atrial fibrillation (%) | 40.8 | 36.2 | 0.622 |
| Stroke (%) | 3.6 | 0 | 0.219 |
| Thirty-day mortality (%) | 2.8 | 0 | 0.359 |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CVA, cerebral vascular accident; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; ACE-I, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; AVR, aortic valve replacement; MVR, mitral valve replacement or repair.