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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012 Nov 9;137(1):247–260. doi: 10.1007/s10549-012-2329-5

Table 2. Multivariable analysis of receiving any chemotherapy versus no chemotherapy, Stage I–III breast cancer patients, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), 2004–2007 (N = 6004).

Odds ratio 95 % CI
Age (years)
 ≤39 4.45 2.73–7.26
 40–49 2.27 1.81–2.86
 50–59 1.0
 60–69 0.39 0.32–0.48
 ≥70 0.05 0.04–0.07
Race, socio-economic status (SES)
 High SES Non-Hispanic (NH) White 1.0
 High SES Hispanic 1.25 0.89–1.75
 High SES NH American Indian, Alaskan Native, other, or unknown (AIAN 0.48 0.16–1.47
 High SES NH Asian or Pacific Islander (API 0.92 0.70–1.21
 High SES NH Black 1.08 0.67–1.74
 Low SES NH White 0.84 0.68–1.03
 Low SES Hispanic 1.06 0.73–1.52
 Low SES NH AIAN 0.65 0.23–1.86
 Low SES API 0.98 0.64–1.48
 Low SES NH Black 0.98 0.67–1.44
Marital status
 Married 1.0
 Unmarried (single, separated, divorced, widowed 0.80 0.68–0.95
 Unknown 0.51 0.22–1.23
Tumor size (cm)
 <1 cm 0.24 0.19–0.31
 1 to <2 1.0
 2 to <3 2.14 1.75–2.61
 3 to <4 3.02 2.26–4.05
 4 to <5 4.27 2.74–6.64
 ≥5 2.89 1.77–4.72
 Microscopic foci, diffuse, or unknown 0.17 0.10–0.28
Lymph node involvement
 Negative or unknown 1.0
 Positive 11.3 9.29–13.6
Grade
 Grade I (well differentiated) 1.0
 Grade II (moderately differentiated) 2.06 1.66–2.55
 Grade III (poorly or undifferentiated 3.53 2.77–4.49
 Unknown 1.49 1.07–2.09
Estrogen, progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and endocrine therapya
 ER/PR-positive, no endocrine therapy 1.0
 ER/PR-negative, no endocrine therapy 6.94 4.89–9.86
 ER/PR-unknown, no endocrine therapy 0.20 0.06–0.75
 ER/PR-positive, received endocrine therapy 2.31 1.71–3.13
HER2
 Negative 1.0
 Positive 2.71 2.10–3.51
 Unknown or borderline 1.38 1.14–1.67
Diabetes
 No 1.0
 Yes 0.71 0.54–0.94
Neuropathy
 No 1.0
 Yes 0.53 0.31–0.89
Heart disease
 No 1.0
 Yes 0.38 0.26–0.56
Modified Charlson Comorbidity Indexb
 0 1.0
 1 1.12 0.86–1.45
 2 1.10 0.55–2.20
 ≥3 0.03 0.01–0.18
Distance to reporting KPNC facility (miles)
 <5 1.0
 5 to <10 1.05 0.87–1.27
 10 to <15 0.93 0.73–1.20
 15 to <20 1.31 0.99–1.74
 20 to <30 0.89 0.65–1.22
 30 to <40 0.57 0.33–0.97
 ≥40 1.15 0.63–2.09
Surgery type
 Breast conserving surgery 1.0
 Mastectomy 1.41 1.19–1.67
 None or other 0.72 0.37–1.39
Year of diagnosis, per year 1.03 0.96–1.12
a

Excluded ER/PR-negative or unknown, received endocrine therapy, given the high probability that these groups reflect errors in data collection, since endocrine therapy is not clinically indicated in this setting

b

This Charlson Comorbidity Index excluded heart disease, diabetes and neuropathy, which were evaluated separately