Table 2.

Neuropsychological assessment of older subjects grouped according to area of stimulation.

	DLPFC older subjects (n = 16)	PARC older subjects (n = 16)	p-Value	Cut-off*
Screening for dementia
Mini Mental State Examination	28.81 ± 1.22	28.44 ± 1.15	ns	>24
Non-verbal reasoning
Raven-Colored Progressive Matrices	32.16 ± 3.64	32.56 ± 3.54	ns	>17.5
Memory
Story Recall	12.44 ± 3.98	11.28 ± 4.63	ns	>7.5
Rey auditory-Verbal Learning Test-Immediate Recall	44.31 ± 8.44	44.13 ± 12.13	ns	>28.52
Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test-Delayed Recall	9.81 ± 2.83	8.69 ± 3.70	ns	>4.68
Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure-Recall	12.88 ± 4.67	13.75 ± 6.88	ns	>9.46
Digit Span	5.56 ± 0.81	5.94 ± 0.68	ns	>3.5
Praxis
Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure-Copy	30.25 ± 3.97	32.34 ± 2.39	ns	>28.87
Ideomotor apraxia-right upper limb	69.38 ± 1.54	70.00 ± 1.63	ns	>62
Ideomotor apraxia-left upper limb	70.50 ± 1.26	70.69 ± 1.66	ns	>62
Attentional and Executive functions
Trail Making Test A	45.31 ± 15.88	36.31 ± 11.77	ns	<93
Trail Making Test B	114.19 ± 29.31	111.56 ± 46.52	ns	<282
Trail Making Test B–A	68.88 ± 23.49	75.13 ± 38.31	ns#	<186
Language
Fluency-Phonemic	39.75 ± 9.38	38.81 ± 11.14	ns	>16
Fluency-Semantic	43.38 ± 5.90	45.38 ± 11.17	ns	>24

DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex stimulation; PARC, parietal cortex stimulation; p-value of parametric (t-test) or non-parametric (Mann–Whitney test); ns, not significant.

^*Cut-off scores according to Italian normative data are reported. Raw scores are reported;

^#p-Value of non-parametric Mann–Whitney test.