Table 2.
Meta-analysis results
| Fixed-effects model | Random-effects model | Tests of homogeneity | Tests of publication bias | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of studies | RR | (95% CI) | RR | (95% CI) | Q value (d.f.) | P value | I2 | Begg's P value | Egger's P value | |
| Any bisphosphonate use and colorectal cancer risk | ||||||||||
| All studies | 6 | 0.80 | (0.74, 0.85) | 0.80 | (0.71, 0.90) | 13.00 (5) | 0.023 | 61.6% | 0.851 | 0.410 |
| Case–control studies | 4 | 0.86 | (0.78, 0.94) | 0.85 | (0.75, 0.98) | 5.69 (3) | 0.128 | 47.3% | 0.502 | 0.218 |
| Cohort studies | 2 | 0.70 | (0.63, 0.79) | 0.70 | (0.63, 0.79) | 0.30 (1) | 0.583 | 0% | NA | NA |
| Duration of bisphosphonate use and colorectal cancer risk | ||||||||||
| Duration <1 year | ||||||||||
| All studies | 3 | 0.86 | (0.76, 0.98) | 0.86 | (0.72, 1.04) | 2.93 (2) | 0.231 | 31.7% | 0.602 | 0.633 |
| Case–control studies | 2 | 0.88 | (0.75, 1.03) | 0.93 | (0.78, 1.12) | 0.59 (1) | 0.59 | 31.7% | NA | NA |
| Cohort studies | 1 | 0.82 | (0.64, 1.04) | 0.74 | (0.57, 0.94) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Duration ≥1 year | ||||||||||
| All studies | 4 | 0.82 | (0.71, 0.94) | 0.79 | (0.56, 1.11) | 17.33 (3) | 0.001 | 82.7% | 0.051 | 0.125 |
| Case–control studies | 3 | 0.85 | (0.72, 0.99) | 0.81 | (0.51, 1.28) | 16.49 (2) | 0.000 | 87.9% | 0.174 | 0.001 |
| Cohort studies | 1 | 0.72 | (0.53, 0.98) | 0.72 | (0.52, 0.97) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |