Table 3.
Results obtained from sub-analyses based on plant type
| Plant | IBD type | Study |
Patients reported AE |
Clinical efficacy |
Endoscopic efficacy |
Histological efficacy |
Recurrence relapse | ||||
| Any AE | Serious AE | Clinical remission | Clinical response | Endoscopic remission | Endoscopic response | Histological remission | Histological response | ||||
| Aloe vera | UC | 16 | 0.70 (0.25-2.08) | - | 4.20 (0.84-24.84) | 3.27 (1.06-12.13) | 1.48 (0.44-5.84) | 1.69 (0.69-5.04) | 0.64 (0.25-1.81) | 0.86 (0.55-1.55) | - |
| Andrographis paniculata | UC | 17 | 0.94 (0.75-1.20) | 1.01 (0.22-4.65) | 1.41 (0.92-2.23) | 1.32 (0.98-1.84) | 1.32 (0.93-1.93) | - | - | - | - |
| Artemisia absinthium | CD | 18 | - | 1.00 (0.06-16.69) | - | 9.61 (0.73-126.15), P = 0.09 | - | - | - | - | - |
| CD | 19 | - | - | 27.00 (3.23-260.81) | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Boswellia serrata | CD | 20 | 0.82 (0.66-1.04), P = 0.11 | 0.95 (0.27-3.31), P = 0.94 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.95 (0.52-1.73) |
| Collagenous colitis | 21 | 2.34 (1.02-6.07) | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Triticum aestivum | UC | 22 | - | - | - | 2.18 (1.19-4.78) | - | - | - | - | - |
Results are expressed as relative risk (95%CI). AE: Adverse event; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.