Table 1.
Total | Continuously lean | Previous obesity | Current obesity | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 59.3 ± 10.6 | 61.1 ± 9.4 | 60.4 ± 10.0 | 56.7 ± 11.6 | <0.01 |
Sex (male/female) | 2038/889 | 486/243 | 870/345 | 682/301 | ns |
BMI | 24.0 ± 4.0 | 20.5 ± 2.1 | 22.6 ± 1.7 | 28.3 ± 3.2 | <0.01 |
Max. BMI | 27.7 ± 4.3 | 23.0 ± 1.7 | 27.5 ± 2.3 | 31.4 ± 4.1 | <0.01 |
Disease duration (years) | 10.4 ± 28.0 | 10.4 ± 8.4 | 12.2 ± 42.2 | 8.2 ± 7.8 | <0.01 |
SBP (mmHg) | 132 ± 18 | 131 ± 17 | 132 ± 18 | 133 ± 18 | ns |
DBP (mmHg) | 75 ± 11 | 74 ± 11 | 75 ± 11 | 75 ± 10 | ns |
FPG (mmol/L) | 9.9 ± 4.0 | 9.5 ± 4.0 | 9.9 ± 4.1 | 10.2 ± 3.9 | ns |
HbA1c (%) | 9.3 ± 2.8 | 9.1 ± 2.7 | 9.5 ± 3.4 | 9.3 ± 2.0 | <0.05 |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.3 ± 1.2 | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 5.2 ± 1.0 | 5.5 ± 1.6 | <0.01 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | <0.01 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.6 | <0.01 |
Cr (mmol/L) | 66.3 ± 19.4 | 64.5 ± 16.8 | 66.3 ± 19.4 | 68.9 ± 20.3 | <0.01 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 81.8 ± 28.8 | 81.4 ± 20.5 | 83.1 ± 31.1 | 80.6 ± 31.0 | ns |
Retinopathy (none/simple/proliferative) |
2111/505/311 | 558/116/55 | 824/225/166 | 729/164/90 | <0.01 |
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD. Differences in baseline characteristics among the obesity categories were analyzed by ANOVA and chi-squared test. The numbers of each stage of diabetic retinopathy are noted on the row of retinopathy. SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, FPG: fasting blood glucose, TC: total cholesterol, HDL: HDL cholesterol, TG: triglyceride, ns: not significant.