Table 1.
Participant characteristics by study
| N | Age, years | Gender, % women | BMI, kg m−2 | Waist, cm | Hip, cm | Total fat, % energy | Saturated fat, % energy | Polyunsaturated fat, % energy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European descent | |||||||||
| Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (USA) | 9189 | 54.3 ± 5.7 | 52.8 | 27.0 ± 4.8 | 99.9 ± 13.9 | 106.4 ± 10.8 | 33.2 ± 6.8 | 12.2 ± 3.1 | 5.1 ± 1.5 |
| Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) (USA) | 3222 | 72.3 ± 5.4 | 60.8 | 26.3 ± 4.5 | 93.1 ± 12.8 | 101.5 ± 9.6 | 32.3 ± 6.0 | 10.34 ± 2.2 | 7.4 ± 2.2 |
| European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Norfolk (UK) | 2353 | 45.0 ± 7.3 | 53.2 | 26.4 ± 3.9 | 88.4 ± 12.3 | 103.2 ± 7.9 | 32.3 ± 5.7 | 12.3 ± 3.2 | 6.2 ± 2.0 |
| Family Heart Study (FamHS) (USA) | 2980 | 52.9 ± 13.8 | 52.9 | 27.7 ± 5.5 | 97.7 ± 15.2 | 105.8 ± 11.2 | 30.5 ± 7.5 | 11.2 ± 3.2 | 4.5 ± 1.4 |
| Fenland (UK) | 1071 | 59.3 ± 9.0 | 56.1 | 27.0 ± 4.9 | 92.0 ± 13.5 | 104.1 ± 9.8 | 33.3 ± 5.9 | 12.3 ± 3.2 | 6.5 ± 1.8 |
| Framingham Heart Study (FHS) (USA) | 6374 | 46.8 ± 11.7 | 53.7 | 27.1 ± 5.2 | 92.7 ± 5.2 | 102.9 ± 9.6 | 28.4 ± 6.1 | 11.0 ± 3.0 | 5.8 ± 1.6 |
| Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) (USA) | 1120 | 48.5 ± 16.4 | 52.1 | 28.3 ± 5.6 | 96.6 ± 16.6 | 107.4 ± 11.6 | 35.5 ± 6.7 | 11.9 ± 2.7 | 7.6 ± 2.1 |
| Health, Aging and Body Composition Study (Health ABC) (USA) | 1499 | 74.8 ± 2.9 | 48 | 26.4 ± 4.1 | 98.8 ± 11.9 | NA | 32.9 ± 7.6 | 9.4 ± 2.5 | 8.7 ± 2.8 |
| Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) (USA) | 2326 | 55.5 ± 8.5 | 0 | 26.3 ± 3.7 | 97.7 ± 10.3 | 102.9 ± 8.4 | 32.8 ± 6.4 | 11.3 ± 2.8 | 6.1 ± 1.6 |
| Invecchiare in Chianti (InCHIANTI) (Italy) | 1100 | 67.6 ± 15.0 | 55.3 | 27.2 ± 4.2 | 91.4 ± 11.1 | 100.6 ± 8.8 | 31.0 ± 5.1 | 10.4 ± 2.2 | 3.4 ± 0.7 |
| Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (USA) | 2289 | 62.6 ± 10.3 | 51.6 | 27.8 ± 5.1 | 98.0 ± 14.3 | 106.2 ± 10.5 | 33.4 ± 7.2 | 11.0 ± 3.3 | 7.0 ± 2.0 |
| Nurses Health Study (USA) | 3065 | 53.2 ± 6.8 | 100 | 27.2 ± 5.7 | 83.4 ± 13.2 | 104.2 ± 11.5 | 33.2 ± 5.6 | 11.8 ± 2.5 | 6.3 ± 1.6 |
| Rotterdam Study (ROT) (The Netherlands) | 4576 | 67.6 ± 7.7 | 58.6 | 26.3 ± 3.6 | 90.1 ± 11.0 | 99.8 ± 7.6 | 36.3 ± 6.1 | 14.4 ± 3.2 | 6.9 ± 1.1 |
| Young Finns Study (YFS) (Finland) | 1762 | 37.8 ± 5.0 | 56 | 26.0 ± 4.8 | 88.5 ± 13.5 | 99.8 ± 8.9 | 32.8 ± 4.8 | 11.8 ± 2.4 | 5.3 ± 1.1 |
| African Americans | |||||||||
| Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study | 3078 | 53.4 ± 5.8 | 62 | 29.6 ± 6 | 102.8 ± 15.6 | 110.4 ± 13.7 | 32.1 ± 6.4 | 11.4 ± 2.7 | 4.8 ± 1.3 |
| Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) | 584 | 74 ± 5.3 | 63.4 | 28.1 ± 5.3 | 95.1 ± 12.6 | 101.7 ± 10 | 29.9 ± 6.5 | 10 ± 2.7 | 6 ± 1.9 |
| Health, Aging and Body Composition Study (Health ABC) | 869 | 74.4 ± 2.9 | 59 | 28.6 ± 5.5 | 100.5 ± 14 | NA | 34.2 ± 7.2 | 9.8 ± 2.4 | 9.3 ± 3.8 |
| Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) | 1313 | 62.2 ± 10 | 53.5 | 30 ± 5.7 | 101 ± 14.3 | 109.5 ± 11.9 | 34.5 ± 7.1 | 10.6 ± 2.9 | 7.6 ± 2.2 |
Abbreviations: BMI, bodv mass index; NA, not available.