Table 1.

Characteristics of patients and controls

Characteristic	Control (n=20)	CAS (n=17)	LAA (n=30)	SAO (n=36)	CAE (n=16)
Age in years (SD)	60.9 (11.8)	61.8 (10.1)	62.7 (12.3)	61.9 (11.8)	63.0 (14.0)
Sex, male (%)	13 (65.00)	10 (58.82)	19 (63.33)	20 (55.56)	7 (43.75)
Hypertension (%)	11 (55.00)	11 (64.71)	31 (81.58)	15 (60.00)*	5 (62.5)
Cardiac disease (%)	3 (15.00)	3 (17.65)	7 (18.92)**	4 (16.00)**	8 (100)
Diabetes mellitus (%)	4 (20.00)	4 (23.53)	10 (27.03)	6 (24.00)	2 (25.00)
Dyslipidemia (%)	7 (35.00)	8 (47.06)	19 (51.35)	11 (44.00)	2 (25.00)
Smoking (%)	6 (30.00)	6 (35.29)	20 (54.05)	8 (32.00)	2 (25.00)
Alcohol drinking (%)	4 (20.00)	4 (23.53)	9 (24.32)	7 (28.00)	1 (12.50)

Note: CAS, carotid artery stenosis only; LAA, large-artery atherosclerosis; SAO, small-artery occlusion; CAE, cardioaortic embolism.

^*P=0.040 for LAA versus SAO.

^**P<0.001 for CAE versus LAA and for CAE versus SAO.