Table 3.

OLS parameter estimates from the regression of financial hardship, religion, and financial hardship × religion on psychological distress (N = 1140).

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)
Objective financial hardship	0.081^***	0.078^***	0.074^***	0.078^***	0.080^***	0.154^***	0.080^***	0.080^***	0.078^***	0.079^***
Subjective financial hardship	0.074^***	0.066^***	0.067^***	0.066^***	0.069^***	0.068^***	0.063^***	0.066^***	0.067^***	0.129^***
Religious attendance	–	−0.011^**	−0.008^*	−0.011^**	−0.011^**	−0.011^**	−0.007⁺	−0.011^**	−0.011^**	−0.011^**
Prayer	–	0.011⁺	0.011⁺	0.011⁺	0.011⁺	0.010⁺	0.010	0.011⁺	0.012⁺	0.010
Meditation	–	0.005	0.005	0.005	0.008	0.005⁺	0.004	0.006⁺	0.005	0.005
Afterlife	–	−0.014	−0.015	−0.014	−0.012	0.011	−0.015	−0.014	−0.015	0.010
Objective financial hardship × religious attendance	–	–	−0.011^*	–			–	–	–	–
Objective financial hardship × prayer	–	–	–	−0.002	–		–	–	–	–
Objective financial hardship × meditation	–	–	–	–	−0.012^*	–	–	–	–	–
Objective financial hardship × afterlife	–	–	–	–	–	−0.097^*	–	–	–	–
Subjective financial hardship × religious attendance	–	–	–	–	–	–	−0.013^*	–	–	–
Subjective financial hardship × prayer	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	−0.004	–	–
Subjective financial hardship × meditation	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	−0.004	–
Subjective financial hardship × afterlife	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	−0.077^*
Intercept	1.457^***	1.467^***	1.469^***	1.469^***	1.466^***	1.447^***	1.470^***	1.470^***	1.470^***	1.446^***
R²	0.108	0.116	0.118	0.115	0.119	0.120	0.120	0.116	0.115	0.118

Notes: Psychological distress is square-root transformed. All models are net of adjustments for age, gender, race, marital status, region, city size, and education. All continuous/ ordinal religion variables (i.e., attendance, prayer, and meditation) were zero-centered prior to the construction of interaction terms.

^***

p< 0.001,

^**

p<0.01,

p< 0.05,

⁺

p <0.10.