The cross-sectional images (A1) and (A2) were collected from two separate frogs, with over-night dark adaptation. NFL: nerve fiber layer, IPL: inner plexiform layer, INL: inner nuclear layer, OPL: outer plexiform layer, ELM: external limiting membrane, IS: inner segment, OS: outer segment and RPE: retinal pigment epithelium. The cross-sectional images (B1) and (B2) were collected from two separate frogs, with 8-hour light adaptation. The green bars measured the retinal thickness with RPE complex included and the blue bars measured the RPE-ISe layer thickness; (C) Reconstructed en-face projection of blood vessels obtained nearby the NFL layer in Fig. 2A1; (D) Reconstructed en-face projection of photoreceptor mosaic obtained from the photoreceptor layer in Fig. 2A1. The contrast and brightness were adjusted for best visualization. (E) OCT reflectivity profiles of dark- (yellow) and light- (red) adapted frog eyes. The two yellow traces correspond to the two dark-adapted images in Fig. 2A1–2A2. The two red traces correspond to the two light-adapted images in Fig. 2B1–B2. Scale bars indicate 50 μm.