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. 2013 Sep 2;8:3321–3331. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S47742

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© 2013 Wu et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Ltd, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Ltd, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Bar graph illustrating the overall viability of Fe@Au-treated cancer cells, and the influence of the mitochondrial membrane potential blocker CsA and the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA.

Notes: WST-1 cell viability analysis was performed after 48 hours with the assigned treatment; ie, either in the presence with 5 μM CsA or 10 mM 3-MA. The cell viability of Fe@Au + CsA and Fe@Au + 3-MA was calculated according to the matching control conditions of CsA alone and 3-MA alone. *P & 0.05; **P & 0.01; t-test.

Abbreviations: Fe, iron; Au, gold; CsA, cyclosporin A; 3-MA, 3-methyladenine; WST-1, water-soluble tetrazolium salt.