Table 5. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of oral cancer associated with ICAM-1 genotypic frequencies and smokers among 549 betel nut consumers.
| Variable | Controls (n = 93) (%) | Patients (n = 456) (%) | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
| rs3093030 | ||||
| aCC genotype & non-smoker | 15 (16.1%) | 17 (3.7%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| bCT or TT genotype or smoker | 61 (65.6%) | 286 (62.7%) | 4.137 (1.959–8.734) | 4.173 (1.672–10.416) |
| cCT or TT genotype with smoking | 17 (18.3%) | 153 (33.6%) | 7.941 (3.373–18.696) | 11.992 (4.134–34.785) |
| rs5491 | ||||
| aAA genotype & non-smoker | 19 (20.4%) | 21 (4.6%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| bAT or TT genotype or smoker | 71 (76.3%) | 398 (87.3%) | 5.072 (2.595–9.911) | 8.016 (3.303–19.454) |
| cAT or TT genotype with smoking | 3 (3.2%) | 37 (8.1%) | 11.159 (2.951–42.200) | 14.273 (2.851–71.452) |
| rs281432 | ||||
| aCC genotype & non-smoker | 15 (16.1%) | 13 (2.9%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| bCG or GG genotype or smoker | 56 (60.2%) | 259 (56.8%) | 5.337 (2.405–11.840) | 8.063 (2.901–22.413) |
| cCG or GG genotype with smoking | 22 (23.7%) | 184 (40.4%) | 9.650 (4.066–22.905) | 13.765 (4.586–41.318) |
| rs5498 | ||||
| aAA genotype & non-smoker | 15 (16.1%) | 12 (2.6%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| bAG or GG genotype or smoker | 53 (57.0%) | 255 (55.9%) | 6.014 (2.663–13.583) | 5.723 (2.150–15.232) |
| cAG or GG genotype with smoking | 25 (26.9%) | 189 (41.4%) | 9.450 (3.974–22.469) | 9.933 (3.516–28.058) |
The odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals were estimated by logistic regression models.
The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with their 95% confidence intervals were estimated by multiple logistic regression models after controlling for age, gender and alcohol consumption.
a
Individual with wild genotype but without smoking.
b
Individual with either at least one mutated genotype or smoking.
c
Individual with both at least one mutated genotype and smoking.