Table 6. Dietary patterns of pregnant women with and without GDM in Al-Ain District.
| Variable | GDM (n = 94) | Non GDM (n = 90) | P Value* | |
| n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Milk Group consumption**<1 cup/d | 15 (16.0) | 24 (26.7) | 0.004a | |
| 1–2 cups/d | 39 (41.5) | 48 (53.3) | ||
| 3 cups | 40 (42.6) | 18 (20.0) | ||
| Fruit group consumption*** | 0.012a | |||
| <1 cup/d | 10 (10.6) | 10 (11.1) | ||
| 1–2 cups/d | 52 (55.3) | 31 (34.4) | ||
| >2 cups/d | 32 (34.0) | 49 (54.4) | ||
| Vegetables consumption | 0.305a | |||
| <1 cup/d | 15 (16.0) | 22 (24.4) | ||
| 1–2 cups/d | 56 (59.6) | 51 (56.7) | ||
| >2 cups/d | 23 (24.5) | 17(18.9) | ||
| Snacks/d | 0.605a | |||
| None | 5 (5.3) | 6 (6.7) | ||
| 1–2 snacks | 62 (66.0) | 63 (70.8) | ||
| 3 or more snacks | 27 (28.7) | 20 (22.5) | ||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||
| Meals/d | 2.9±0.4 | 2.8±0.4 | 0.753b | |
| Snacks/d | 2.0±0.9 | 1.9±1.1 | 0.760b | |
*
P<0.05 is considered significant.
a
P values calculated by chi-square test.
b
P values calculated by Student t-test.
**
P value changed to 0.043 after adjusting for age, educational level, and parity.
***
P value changed to 0.003 after adjusting for age, educational level, and parity.