FIGURE 1.

Chronic palmitate treatment (48 h) induces similar sphingolipid species changes within MIN6 cells and islets of Langerhans. MIN6 cells (left panel) or WT islets ex vivo (right panel) were cultured with 0.4 mm palmitate complexed to BSA (0.92%) for 48 h before total lysates were prepared for quantification of all major sphingolipid species via mass spectrometry. Each species was corrected for total protein content of lysates. Data represent mean ceramide (A and B), glycosylceramide (C and D), sphingomyelin (E and F), and dihydroceramide (G and H) species from six (MIN6) or four (islet) independent experiments + S.E. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01, ***, p < 0.001; paired Student's t tests compared with control condition.