Table I.
Demographic, socioeconomic, health and reproductive characteristics of diabetic, borderline diabetic and non-diabetic women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2001–2006
| Characteristics: | Total (N=19579) | Diabetic (N=3882) | Borderline Diabetic (N=387) | Non-Diabetic (N=15310) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | % | P | % | P | % | P | |
| Demographic: | |||||||
| Age (yrs): | N=3882 | <0.0001 | N=387 | 0.013 | N= 15310 | Ref. | |
| 18–24 | 2077 (10.6) | 0.9 | 1.5 | 8.5 | |||
| 25–29 | 1072 (5.5) | 1.4 | 2.9 | 6.1 | |||
| 30–34 | 1029 (5.3) | 2.0 | 1.3 | 6.7 | |||
| 35–39 | 1034 (5.3) | 2.9 | 3.3 | 7.8 | |||
| 40–44 | 1281 (6.5) | 5.3 | 6.8 | 9.5 | |||
| 45–49 | 1356 (6.9) | 5.9 | 4.9 | 11.0 | |||
| 50–54 | 1569 (8.0) | 13.7 | 8.0 | 10.6 | |||
| 55–59 | 1339 (6.8) | 15.0 | 17.2 | 8.9 | |||
| 60–64 | 2046 (10.5) | 10.4 | 8.4 | 7.3 | |||
| 65+ | 6776 (34.6) | 42.7 | 45.8 | 23.6 | |||
| Race/Ethnicity: | N=3382 | <0.0001 | N=387 | 0.47 | N=15310 | Ref. | |
| Hispanic | 3846 (19.6) | 9.2 | 5.3 | 7.9 | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 10980 (56.1) | 65.3 | 76.7 | 78.2 | |||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 3989 (20.4) | 18.5 | 14.7 | 9.5 | |||
| Other | 764 (3.9) | 6.9 | 3.3 | 4.3 | |||
| Marital status: | N=3882 | 0.0012 | N=386 | 0.19 | N=15307 | Ref. | |
| Ever-married | 15883 (81.2) | 89.6 | 82.6 | 81.4 | |||
| Never-married | 3692 (18.9) | 10.4 | 17.4 | 18.6 | |||
| Socioeconomic: | |||||||
| Education: | N=3880 | <0.0001 | N=386 | 0.002 | N=14933 | Ref. | |
| Less than high school | 5527 (28.8) | 27.2 | 35.7 | 17.3 | |||
| High school | 5109 (26.6) | 33.1 | 32.9 | 26.2 | |||
| More than high school | 8563 (44.6) | 39.7 | 31.4 | 56.5 | |||
| Household income: | N=3585 | <0.0001 | N=362 | 0.063 | N=14294 | Ref. | |
| <$20000 | 5471 (29.9) | 32.1 | 35.2 | 20.3 | |||
| ≥$20000 | 12770 (70.0) | 67.8 | 64.8 | 79.7 | |||
| Health: | |||||||
| Smoking status: | N=3873 | 0.066 | N=386 | 0.96 | N=14259 | Ref. | |
| Non-smoker | 10315 (55.7) | 54.3 | 52.4 | 52.1 | |||
| Ex-Smoker | 4896 (26.4) | 29.3 | 28.0 | 26.2 | |||
| Current smoker | 3307 (17.9) | 16.4 | 19.6 | 21.6 | |||
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2): | N=3742 | <0.0001 | N=385 | 0.0001 | N=14852 | Ref. | |
| < 24.9 | 6553 (34.5) | 16.2 | 7.9 | 39.9 | |||
| 25–29.9 | 5473 (28.8) | 25.1 | 37.7 | 28.6 | |||
| > 30 | 6953 (36.6) | 58.7 | 54.3 | 31.5 | |||
| Self-rated health: | N=3352 | <0.0001 | N=351 | 0.35 | N=13586 | Ref. | |
| Excellent/VeryGood/Good | 11577 (66.9) | 45.8 | 66.8 | 77.5 | |||
| Fair/Poor | 5712 (33.0) | 54.2 | 33.3 | 22.5 | |||
| Reproductive: | |||||||
| Age at first menst. period | N=3225 | 0.061 | N=343 | 0.021 | N=13353 | Ref. | |
| <12 | 3611 (21.3) | 23.5 | 10.3 | 21.2 | |||
| 12–14 | 10726 (63.3) | 59.8 | 69.1 | 65.9 | |||
| ≥ 15 | 2614 (15.4) | 16.7 | 20.6 | 12.9 | |||
| Ever pregnant: | N=3255 | 0.12 | N=343 | 0.52 | N=13340 | Ref. | |
| Yes | 14435 (85.2) | 87.3 | 86.9 | 83.5 | |||
| No | 2503 (14.8) | 12.8 | 13.1 | 16.5 | |||
| Number of pregnancies: | N=3250 | 0.005 | N=343 | 0.59 | N=13339 | Ref. | |
| 0 | 2503 (14.8) | 12.8 | 13.1 | 16.5 | |||
| 1 | 1849 (10.9) | 7.5 | 17.0 | 12.4 | |||
| 2 | 3114 (18.4) | 19.8 | 16.9 | 21.0 | |||
| 3 | 2972 (17.6) | 20.2 | 25.0 | 18.5 | |||
| 4 | 2438 (14.4) | 13.8 | 8.8 | 13.8 | |||
| 5+ | 4056 (23.9) | 25.9 | 19.1 | 17.9 | |||
| Number of live births: | N=3223 | <0.0001 | N=335 | 0.68 | N=13008 | Ref. | |
| 0 | 3069 (18.5) | 13.9 | 16.2 | 20.8 | |||
| 1 | 2400 (14.5) | 10.9 | 20.5 | 15.4 | |||
| 2 | 3838 (23.2) | 28.8 | 28.4 | 27.3 | |||
| 3 | 3087 (18.6) | 18.3 | 15.1 | 19.7 | |||
| 4 | 1734 (10.5) | 11.1 | 7.3 | 8.6 | |||
| 5+ | 2438 (14.7) | 16.8 | 12.5 | 8.1 | |||
| Age at first live birth (yrs): | N=2861 | 0.0024 | N=280 | 0.46 | N=10976 | Ref. | |
| No live birth | 3069 (21.7) | 15.7 | 23.3 | 24.7 | |||
| <25 | 8733 (61.9) | 68.9 | 58.6 | 56.6 | |||
| 25–29 | 1782 (12.6) | 11.2 | 14.0 | 14.5 | |||
| 30–34 | 434 (3.1) | 2.9 | 3.4 | 3.6 | |||
| 35+ | 99 (0.7) | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.6 | |||
| Age at last live birth (yrs): | N=3005 | 0.0025 | N=307 | 0.29 | N=11790 | Ref. | |
| No live birth | 3069 (20.3) | 14.8 | 17.7 | 22.8 | |||
| <25 | 2263 (14.9) | 20.8 | 25.5 | 14.7 | |||
| 25–29 | 9226 (61.1) | 60.1 | 49.8 | 58.7 | |||
| 30–34 | 434 (2.9) | 2.7 | 6.9 | 3.3 | |||
| 35+ | 110 (0.7) | 1.6 | 0.0 | 0.5 | |||
| Breastfeeding: | N=2870 | <0.0001 | N=290 | <0.0001 | N=10157 | Ref. | |
| Ever | 7326 (55.0) | 42.2 | 43.5 | 58.4 | |||
| Never | 5991 (45.0) | 57.8 | 56.5 | 41.6 | |||
| Menopausal status: | N=3192 | <0.0001 | N=329 | 0.12 | N=11878 | Ref. | |
| No | 10928 (71.0) | 86.5 | 86.5 | 64.7 | |||
| Yes | 4471 (29.0) | 13.5 | 13.4 | 35.3 | |||