Table 3.
shows by randomized group and for the whole sample the number and percent who continued with the medication they left the study on, the number and percent who were taking risperidone at follow-up, number and percent taking antipsychotic, mean doses of risperidone for those still taking risperidone, and mean doses in risperidone equivalents for those who were taking another antipsychotic at follow-up, as well as percent using the methods learned in parent training.
| All patients with FU N=87 |
MED-only N=36 |
COMB N=51 |
p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # (%) of patients who continued with the medication taken at EOS | 58 (67%) | 23 (64%) | 35 (69%) | 0.65 | |
| # (%) who changed or added Medication | 53 (61%) | 19 (53%) | 34 (67%) | 0.25 | |
| # (%) who changed dose of study drug from what was taken at EOS | 36 (41%) | 19 (53%) | 24 (47%) | 0.67 | |
| # of patients who were taking Risperidone at follow-up | 53 (61%) | 19 (53%) | 34 (67%) | 0.25 | |
| Risperidone | At 24 weeks | 2.13 (0.75–3.50) | 2.50 (1.25–3.50) | 2.00 (0.75, − 3.00) | 0.01 |
| Mean dose (sd) | At FU | 2.31 (0.80) | 2.33 (1.03) | 2.30 (0.81) | 0.9 |
| # (%) taking antipsychotic other than Risperidone at FU | 21 (24%) | 9 (25%) | 11 (22%) | 0.9 | |
| Doses in RIS equivalents for those who were taking antipsychotics other than Risperidone at FU Mean (sd), median (range) | N=20 2.83 (1.34) 3.00 (0.50–4.5) |
N=9 2.39 (0.90) 2.50 (1.25, − 4) |
N=11 3.20 (1.56) 3.00 (0.50–6) |
0.19 | |
| Seek help in learning behavior management during follow-up | 65 (75%) | 14 (39%) | 51 (100%) | <0.0001 | |
| Currently using Behavior Management Principles | 67 (77%) | 19 (53%) | 48 (94%) | <0.0001 | |
| # (%) using Behavior Management Principles (BMP) | Some of the time | 12 (13.8%) | 3 (8.3) | 9 (17.6%) | 0.28 |
| Much of the time | 16 (18.4%) | 4 (11.1%) | 12 (23.5%) | 0.22 | |
| Most of the time | 18 (20.7%) | 5 (13.9) | 13 (25.5%) | 0.28 | |
| At least 2 adults use BMP, and most of the time | 21 (24.1%) | 7 (19.4) | 14 (27.5%) | 0.50 | |
| #(%) who received treatments other than medication at follow-up | 54 (62%) | 25 (69%) | 29 (57%) | 0.33 | |
| # (%) of parents assigned to receive PT in Behavior Management (N=51) who found each session among the most helpful | Behavioral Principles | N/A | N/A | 19 (37%) | |
| Bedtime & Sleep Problems | N/A | N/A | 3 (6%) | ||
| Crisis Management | N/A | N/A | 11 (22%) | ||
| Contingency Contracting | N/A | N/A | 2 (4%) | ||
| Compliance Training | N/A | N/A | 13 (25%) | ||
| Daily Schedule | N/A | N/A | 23 (45%) | ||
| Feeding Disorders | N/A | N/A | 1 (2%) | ||
| Functional Communication Training | N/A | N/A | 10 (20%) | ||
| Generalization & Maintenance | N/A | N/A | 6 (12%) | ||
| Imitation Skills | N/A | N/A | 1 (2%) | ||
| Planned Ignoring | N/A | N/A | 22 (43%) | ||
| Prevention Strategies | N/A | N/A | 13 (25%) | ||
| Reinforcement | N/A | N/A | 19 (37%) | ||
| Teaching Skills | N/A | N/A | 10 (20%) | ||
| Time Out | N/A | N/A | 12 (24%) | ||
| Toilet Training | N/A | N/A | 4 (8%) | ||
Note: FU = Follow up; MED = medication alone; COMB = medication + parent training (PT) in behavior management; EOS = end of study; RIS = Risperidone; n.s. = not significant.