Table 3.
Associations between cancer-related symptoms, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and weight change from baseline to the 30 months post-diagnosis assessment
| Weight change (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Lost ≥ 5% | Weight change <5% |
Gained ≥5% | ||
| N=483 | N=45 | N=307 | N=131 | ||
| Cancer-related symptoms | Mean (SD) | P value1 | |||
| Chest wall symptom (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 1.01 (0.82) | 0.72 (0.74) | 0.98 (0.81) | 1.18 (0.83) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 1) | 0.61a | 0.91 | 1.02 | 0.01 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 1 + CRP) | 0.63a | 0.93 | 1.03 | 0.02 | |
| Arm symptom (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 0.78 (0.85) | 0.52 (0.71) | 0.75 (0.82) | 0.94 (0.93) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 1) | 0.49 a | 0.76 | 0.89 | 0.02 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 1 + CRP) | 0.51 a | 0.78 | 0.90 | 0.03 | |
| Urinary incontinence (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 1.00 (1.04) | 1.29 (1.33) | 0.94 (0.98) | 1.02 (1.07) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 1) | 1.01 | 0.74 | 0.84 | 0.22 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 1 + CRP) | 1.04 | 0.77 | 0.86 | 0.23 | |
| Vasomotor symptoms (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 1.65 (1.10) | 1.47 (1.04) | 1.60 (1.08) | 1.84 (1.15) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 1.44 | 1.63 | 1.64 | 0.47 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 1.43 | 1.62 | 1.63 | 0.46 | |
| Vaginal symptoms (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 0.57 (0.76) | 0.57 (0.84) | 0.58 (0.78) | 0.54 (0.68) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 0.59 | 0.65 | 0.51 | 0.24 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 0.66 | 0.71 | 0.54 a | 0.11 | |
| Cognitive/mood problems (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 1.12 (0.82) | 1.04 (0.95) | 1.05 (0.78) | 1.32 (0.85) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 1.03 | 1.12 | 1.23 | 0.26 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 1.01 | 1.11 | 1.22 | 0.23 | |
| Sexual interest/function (Scored 0–3)* | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 0.95 (0.78) | 0.91 (0.91) | 0.94 (0.76) | 1.00 (0.80) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 0.83 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.95 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.98 | |
| Sleep (hours /d) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 7.12 (1.15) | 6.87 (1.46) | 7.17 (1.11) | 7.08 (1.16) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 6.87 | 7.13 | 6.95 | 0.16 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 6.83 | 7.10 | 6.93 | 0.20 | |
| Interrupted sleep (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 1.75 (1.25) | 1.56 (1.29) | 1.69 (1.23) | 1.96 (1.26) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 1.39 | 1.56 | 1.68 | 0.40 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 1.40 | 1.57 | 1.68 | 0.43 | |
| Tendency to nap (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 0.89 (1.05) | 1.02 (1.14) | 0.80 (0.95) | 1.07 (1.22) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 0.88 | 0.81 | 0.96 | 0.36 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 0.90 | 0.82 | 0.96 | 0.41 | |
| Trouble getting to sleep (Scored 0–4) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 2.46 (1.00) | 2.56 (0.94) | 2.40 (1.02) | 2.54 (0.97) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 2.43 | 2.23 | 2.35 | 0.29 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 2.46 | 2.25 | 2.36 | 0.33 | |
| Feeling awake (Scored 0–10) | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 3.73 (2.62) | 3.50(2.77) | 3.55(2.61) | 4.21 (2.55) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2) | 2.89 | 3.14 | 3.42 | 0.44 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 2 + CRP) | 3.07 | 3.29 | 3.49 | 0.63 | |
|
HRQOL (Scored 0–100) | |||||
| Physical functioning | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 77.7 (23.1) | 71.6 (25.9) | 78.9 (22.8) | 77.1 (22.6) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 73.1 | 76.7 | 71.2 a | 0.03 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 72.1 | 75.8 | 70.8 a | 0.06 | |
| Role-physical | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 65.0 (38.9) | 56.7 (39.7) | 68.0 (37.9) | 60.7 (40.6) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 58.3 | 66.0 | 55.8 a | 0.03 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 54.7 | 62.6 | 54.3 | 0.08 | |
| Bodily pain | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 71.9 (23.4) | 69.6 (27.0) | 72.6 (22.4) | 71.1 (24.4) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 66.0 | 65.9 | 64.0 | 0.72 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 65.2 | 65.2 | 63.7 | 0.82 | |
| Vitality | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 54.9 (21.6) | 52.4 (22.9) | 57.3 (20.5) | 50.3 (22.9) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 43.8 | 45.5 | 40.4 a | 0.08 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 42.0 | 43.8 | 39.7 | 0.20 | |
| General health | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 45.7 (9.5) | 44.4 (9.4) | 46.2 (9.3) | 44.9 (10.1) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 39.6 | 40.5 | 39.7 | 0.64 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 39.1 | 40.1 | 36.5 | 0.72 | |
| Social functioning | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 81.7 (22.3) | 80.0 (23.7) | 83.3 (20.9) | 78.6 (24.7) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 72.6 | 73.1 | 70.7 | 0.58 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 71.1 | 71.7 | 70.1 | 0.79 | |
| Role-emotional | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 69.7 (36.6) | 74.8 (36.3) | 70.2 (35.4) | 66.7 (39.2) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 81.2 | 72.8 | 68.9 | 0.14 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 80.2 | 71.9 | 68.5 | 0.17 | |
| Mental health | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 73.7 (16.3) | 76.4 (15.5) | 74.9 (15.6) | 70.0 (17.8) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 73.9 | 70.5 | 67.7 | 0.07 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 73.9 | 70.6 | 67.7 | 0.07 | |
| Physical component summary score | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 44.0 (9.1) | 40.9 (9.4) | 44.6 (8.9) | 43.8 (9.4) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 40.1 | 42.6 | 40.7 a | 0.03 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 39.4 | 42.0 | 40.4 | 0.056 | |
| Mental component summary score | |||||
| Unadjusted mean | 49.5 (8.8) | 51.7 (8.5) | 49.9 (8.3) | 47.9 (9.7) | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3) | 50.8 | 48.3 | 47.7 | 0.10 | |
| Adjusted mean (Model 3 + CRP) | 50.8 | 48.2 | 47.6 | 0.10 | |
*
N=264 (lost ≥5% N=25, no change N=167, gained ≥5% N=72). CRP: c-reactive protein.
Higher symptoms scores indicate scores indicate more frequent symptoms. Higher HRQOL scores indicate better HRQOL.
Model 1 was adjusted for age, race/study site, cancer treatment, number of comorbid condition and baseline BMI.
Model 2 was adjusted for age, race/study site, cancer treatment, number of comorbid condition, menopausal status, tamoxifen and antidepressants/anxiolytics use, and baseline BMI.
Model 3 was adjusted for age, race/study site, education, marital status, cancer treatment, number of comorbid condition, menopausal status, tamoxifen and antidepressants/anxiolytics use, and baseline BMI.
1
P value tested the differences between the subgroup defined by weight change.
a
P values for direct comparisons between subgroups are indicated with symbols: p<0.05 vs. ‘no change’,
b
p<0.01 vs. ‘no change’