Table 2. Baseline characteristicsa of insulin sensitive and insulin resistance subjects according to body mass index.
| Normal-weight | Overweight/Obese | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin sensitive | Insulin resistance | P value | Insulin sensitive | Insulin resistance | P value | ||
| n = 920 | n = 115 | n = 374 | n = 274 | ||||
| HOMA – IR (uU/ml .mmol/ml) | 1.33 (0.95 - 1.75) | 3.25 (2.87 - 4.03) | <0.001 | 1.81 (1.32 - 2.17) | 3.78 (3.11 - 4.66) | <0.001 | |
| Demographics | |||||||
| Age (Years) | 50.36 ± 15.61 | 54.55 ± 14.49 | 0.006 | 53.45 ± 12.25 | 54.34 ± 13.02 | 0.38 | |
| Male (%) | 316 (34.34) | 29 (25.22) | 0.05 | 154 (41.18) | 118 (43.07) | 0.63 | |
| Clinical Characteristics | |||||||
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 20.97 ± 1.98 | 21.96 ± 1.70 | <0.001 | 26.07 ± 1.93 | 27.25 ± 2.57 | <0.001 | |
| Waist circumference(cm) | 77.00 ± 7.54 | 81.42 ± 7.09 | <0.001 | 88.96 ± 7.18 | 92.66 ± 8.07 | <0.001 | |
| History of Hypertension (%) | 100 (10.87) | 23 (20) | 0.04 | 86 (22.99) | 93 (33.94) | 0.002 | |
| History of coronary heart disease (%) | 15 (1.63) | 2 (1.74) | 1 | 6 (1.60) | 9 (3.28) | 0.19 | |
| History of stroke (%) | 2 (0.22) | 0 | 1 | 1 (0.27) | 2 (0.73) | 0.58 | |
| Current smoker (%) | 114 (12.39) | 8 (7.00) | 0.09 | 50 (13.37) | 37 (13.50) | 0.98 | |
| Current alcohol use (%) | 52 (5.65) | 1 (0.87) | 0.03 | 31 (8.29) | 10 (3.65) | 0.02 | |
| Education attainment High school or above (%) | 420 (45.65) | 47 (40.87) | 0.33 | 146 (39.04) | 99 (36.13) | 0.45 | |
| Physical inactivity (%) | 525 (57.07) | 60 (52.17) | 0.32 | 207 (55.35) | 163 (59.49) | 0.29 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 123.25 ± 19.53 | 129.88 ± 18.79 | < 0.001 | 131.44 ± 19.44 | 136.36 ± 18.67 | 0.002 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.06 ± 10.77 | 78.59 ± 10.24 | 0.001 | 80.13 ± 10.62 | 83.40 ± 6.64 | <0.001 | |
| Laboratory | |||||||
| Serum creatitine (umol/L) | 71.51 ± 16.23 | 70.56 ± 14.15 | 0.55 | 73.93 ± 16.06 | 77.16 ± 16.69 | 0.01 | |
| eGFR( ml/min/1.73m2) | 102.86 ± 22.41 | 100.25 ± 23.86 | 0.24 | 98.34 ± 20.23 | 93.78 ± 20.82 | 0.005 | |
| Serum uric acid (umol/L) | 328.34 ± 87.24 | 352.32 ± 95.35 | 0.006 | 358.52 ± 92.95 | 405.73 ± 98.73 | <0.001 | |
| ACR (mg/g) | 7.78 (5.48 - 12.02) | 9.99 (6.36 - 15.65) | 0.001 | 8.49 (5.57 - 13.61) | 9.99 (6.36 - 19.45) | 0.002 | |
| Fasting glucose (mmo/l) | 4.63 ± 0.43 | 5.10 ± 0.57 | <0.001 | 4.71 ± 0.48 | 5.21 ± 0.64 | <0.001 | |
| Serum C-reactive protein (mg/l) | 0.63 (0.32 - 1.45) | 0.96（0.53 - 2.67） | <0.001 | 1.35（0.71 - 2.75） | 2.20 (1.04 - 3.86) | <0.001 | |
| Serum triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.02 (0.76 - 1.37) | 1.46 (1.10 - 2.45) | <0.001 | 1.46 (1.10 - 2.45) | 1.36 (0.97 - 1.90) | <0.001 | |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 3.08 ± 0.88 | 3.14 ± 0.95 | 0.95 | 3.34± 0.85 | 3.26 ± 0.97 | 0.27 | |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.61 ± 0.33 | 1.49 ± 0.32 | 0.002 | 1.50 ± 0.30 | 1.37 ± 0.23 | <0.001 | |
a Mean ± SD or median (25th to 75th percentiles) for continuous variables and absolute and relative (%) values for category variables are presented.
HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; eGFR: estimated Glomerular filtration rate
ACR: Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; LDL:Serum low density lipoprotein;HDL:Serum high density lipoprotein