Table 6. Factors related to skin auto-fluorescence (in arbitrary units) using multivariate analyses stratified by ethnicity.
| Risk Factor | Effect size (CI) | P-value | Effect size (CI) | P-value | Effect size (CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
South Asians, n = 99 |
Arabs, n = 200 |
Filipinos, n = 35 |
||||
| Age (years) |
0.016 (0.005, 0.026) |
< 0.001 |
0.022 (0.016, 0.029) |
< 0.001 |
0.018 (-0.001, 0.038) |
0.06 |
| Gender (Female = reference) |
-0.26 (-0.51, -0.01) |
0.05 |
-0.46 (-0.63, -0.29) |
< 0.001 |
-0.31 (-0.70, 0.08) |
0.11 |
| Smoking (non-smoking = reference) |
0.30 (-0.06, 0.65) |
0.10 |
0.23 (-0.05, 0.50) |
0.10 |
N/A |
N/A |
| Diabetes (non-diabetic = reference) |
0.18 (-0.05, 0.42) |
0.13 |
0.15 (-0.03, 0.32) |
0.10 |
0.05 (-0.39, 0.49) |
0.82 |
| Reflectance (%) | 6.59 (2.01, 11.17) | 0.005 | -0.03 (-1.69, 1.64) | 0.97 | 3.84 (-3.26, 10.93) | 0.28 |
Arab: Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. South Asian: India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Values represent regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) and their corresponding p-values. For categorical or dichotomous variables, the effect estimates represent the difference in skin AF compared with the reference group. In the Filipino group there were only three smokers and therefore the variable was removed from the analyses.