Table 4.

Percent post-thaw plasma membrane integrity of Sprague–Dawley rat sperm using various cooling rates and freezing extenders.

Cooling Rates	Fresh Sperm	TL- HEPES	m-KRB	SM	TRIS-R	TRIS-S	TES-R	TES-S
10 °C/min	59.6±1.9^c	7.5±1.1^a	9.7±1.3^ab	14.7±2.4^ab	9.8±1.9^ab	8.7±1.7^a	14.2±2.2^ab	17.0±1.7^b
40 °C/min	55.5±3.3^b	12.3±2.6^a	15.0±2.0^a	22.3±2.1^a	13.2±3.6^a	17.3±2.9^a	16.5±2.2^a	17.3±1.2^a
70 °C/min	59.0±2.7^b	13.3±1.9^a	16.8±2.0^a	15.3±2.6^a	14.0±1.7^a	13.2±1.4^a	18.2±1.5^a	18.7±1.8^a
100 °C/min	61.5±2.1^c	11.5±1.9^a	13.2±2.7^ab	16.2±1.7^ab	16.2±1.6^ab	16.0±2.1^ab	21.2±1.6^b	21.2±1.4^b
Significance	-	-	-	-	-	*	-	-

Values are mean percentages ± SEM (n = 6)

^a–d

Different superscripts within the same row denote significant differences (P < 0.05)

Differences between the same columns are not significant (P>0.05)

Differences between the same columns are significant (P<0.05).