Table 6.
Relationships between equol-producing status and demographic characteristics
| Demographic characteristics | Equol producer | Equol non-producer | Odds ratio (95 % confidence interval)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ageb | 49.7 ± 9.7 | 48.9 ± 10.4 | 0.40 (0.07–2.04) |
| Number of birthsb | 1.9 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 0.94 (0.37–2.43) |
| Post-menopause (%) | 38 | 36 | 1.61 (0.87–3.01) |
| Smoking habit (%) | |||
| Non-smoker | 91 | 82 | –c |
| Current smoker | 6 | 15 | 0.32 (0.15–0.63)* |
| Ex-smoker | 3 | 3 | 0.93 (0.30–2.70) |
| Log10 urinary daidzein (μg/g-Cr)b | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 0.75 (0.25–2.30) |
| Sampling sites (n) | |||
| Hokkaido | 30 | 70 | –c |
| Miyagi | 47 | 53 | 2.15 (1.17–4.02)* |
| Kyoto | 38 | 62 | 1.22 (0.67–2.23) |
| Kochi | 40 | 60 | 1.36 (0.74–2.50) |
| Okinawa | 40 | 60 | 1.28 (0.69–2.38) |
* Significantly difference at p < 0.05
aOdds ratios were calculated by multivariate logistic analyses
bContinuous values are presented as the mean ± SD
cSet to the reference level