Table 4.

Description of positive fungal culture cases and subsequent treatment*

Case	Hip/knee	Indication	Number of cultures sent	Number of positive cultures	Organism	Treatment	Subsequent infection cultures	Followup (months)
1	Knee	PJI Stage 2	4	1	Candida albicans/Enterobacter cloacae	No	NA	6
2	Knee	Loosening	4	1	Alternaria/coagulase-negative Staphylococcus	No	NA	62
3	Hip	PJI Stage 2	4	1	Penicillium	Voriconazole	NA	32
4	Knee	PJI Stage 2	3	1	Aspergillus	No	NA	79
5	Hip	Loosening	3	1	Cladosporium	No	NA	25
6	Hip	Loosening	3	1	Penicillium	No	NA	39
7	Knee	Loosening	3	1	Aureobasidium	No	NA	75
8	Knee	PJI Stage 2	3	1	Candida albicans	No	NA	1
9	Hip	PJI Stage 2	3	1	Aspergillus fumigatus	No	NA	3
10	Hip	PJI Stage 2	3	1	Dematiaceous	No	NA	27
11	Hip	Loosening	3	1	Penicillium	No	NA	42
12	Hip	PJI Stage 2	2	1	Paecilomyces	No	NA	82
13	Hip	PPFx	2	1	Penicillium	No	NA	2
14	Hip	Instability	2	1	Rhodotorula minuta	Caspofungin	NA	79
15	Hip	PJI Stage 2	2	1	Candida albicans	No	NA	67
16	Hip	Loosening	1	1	Rhodotorula	No	NA	38
17	Knee	PJI Stage 2	1	1	Penicillium	No	NA	15
18	Hip	PJI Stage 2	2	1	Candida albicans/VRE	Fluconazole	VRE	39
19	Knee	Loosening	1	1	Candida parapsilosis	No	Candida parapsilosis, MSSA	47

* Only patients with a minimum followup of 12 months were included in the analysis of true-/false-positive rates; PJI = periprosthetic joint infection; PPFx = periprosthetic fracture; VRE = vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus; MSSA = methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus; NA = not applicable.