Table 2.

Multivariable Analysis of Sedative and Analgesic Medications as Risk Factors for Transitioning to Delirium

Medication	Odds Ratio (95% CI) *	p-value †
Surgical and trauma patients (n=97)
Anesthetics	0.52 (0.23, 1.16)	0.108
H2 blockers	1.45 (0.80, 2.62)	0.217
Lorazepam	0.45 (0.16, 1.27)	0.131
Midazolam	2.75 (1.44, 5.26)	0.002
Fentanyl	1.88 (0.99, 3.55)	0.053
Morphine	0.36 (0.16, 0.82)	0.015
Surgical Patients (n=4 5)
Anesthetics	1.23 (0.37, 4.04)	0.735
H2 blockers	1.71 (0.74, 3.95)	0.212
Lorazepam	0.46 (0.10, 2.05)	0.307
Midazolam	3.22 (1.27, 8.20)	0.014
Fentanyl	3.99 (1.47, 10.85)	0.007
Morphine	0.37 (0.13, 1.08)	0.069
Trauma Patients (n= 52)
Anesthetics	0.18 (0.04, 0.77)	0.020
H2 blockers	1.25 (0.52, 3.04)	0.618
Lorazepam	0.51 (0.12, 2.17)	0.360
Midazolam	2.45 (1.09, 5.52)	0.031
Fentanyl	1.03 (0.47, 2.25)	0.936
Morphine	0.22 (0.06, 0.82)	0.024

^*Odds ratios in this table can be interpreted as indicating the odds of transitioning to delirium for patients who received any dose of the given medication in the previous 24 hours, adjusted for the following baseline variables: age, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, APACHE II severity of illness score, and diagnosis of sepsis, septic shock or ARDS.

^†p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant