Table 2.

Sex-specific associations of aortic characteristic impedance (Z_c) with measures of diastolic function and ventricular-arterial coupling

Age-adjusted model
	Men	Women
log LAVI (cc/m2)	0.09±0.08	0.06±0.06
log E/A ratio	0.05±0.05	−0.14±0.06 *
Medial e’ (m/s)	0.002±0.004	−0.009±0.005 *
Lateral e’ (m/s)	−0.008±0.006	−0.010±0.005 *
Diastolic dysfunction (OR [95% CI])	0.92 (0.34, 2.48)	2.94 (1.21, 7.14) *
Ea (mmHg/mL)	0.34±0.07 ‡	0.42±0.07 ‡
Ees (mmHg/mL)	0.46±0.11 ‡	0.26±0.09 †
Ea/Ees	−0.05±0.04	0.13±0.04 ‡
Multivariable model §
log LAVI (cc/m2)	−0.02±0.12	−0.09±0.07
log E/A ratio	0.04±0.07	−0.17±0.07 †
Medial e’ (m/s)	0.009±0.007	−0.008±0.006
Lateral e’ (m/s)	−0.001±0.008	−0.009±0.006
Diastolic dysfunction (OR [95% CI])	0.55 (0.10, 3.11)	7.76 (1.99, 30.24) †
Ea	0.30±0.08 ‡	0.38±0.07 ‡
Ees	0.39±0.11 ‡	0.23±0.10 *
Ea/Ees	−0.04±0.04	0.13±0.04 †

Results are reported as β± standard error unless otherwise specified.

^*P≤0.05

^†P≤0.01

^‡P≤0.001

^§Multivariable models were adjusted for: age, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, ascending aorta diameter, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and history of hypertension, diabetes and smoking.

CI: confidence interval. OR: odds ratio. Other abbreviations as in Table 1.