Table 1.
Participant characteristics (n = 2561)
| African-Americans (n = 1324) |
Non-Hispanic white individuals (n = 1237) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABI < 0.9 (n = 151) |
ABI ≥ 0.9 (n = 1143) |
p | ABI < 0.9 (n = 55) |
ABI ≥ 0.9 (n = 1122) |
p | |
| Age, years | 69.4 ± 8.5 | 62.7 ± 9.1 | <0.0001 | 67.7 ± 8.1 | 58.0 ± 9.9 | <0.0001 |
| Men, n (%) | 55 (36.4) | 320 (28.0) | 0.032 | 24 (43.6) | 486 (43.3) | 0.963 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30.5 ± 6.9 | 31.5 ± 6.4 | 0.059 | 29.4 ± 6.9 | 30.9 ± 6.3 | 0.092 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 104.2 ± 13.7 | 103.2 ± 14.3 | 0.395 | 100.2 ± 14.8 | 100.8 ± 15.9 | 0.789 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 214.5 ± 45.1 | 200.4 ± 40.5 | 0.0001 | 188.9 ± 36.0 | 197.1 ± 34.3 | 0.086 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 55.2 ± 16.7 | 58.0 ± 18.5 | 0.078 | 49.7 ± 16.3 | 51.8 ± 15.0 | 0.306 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 145.1 ± 25.9 | 137.7 ± 20.1 | <0.0001 | 138.0 ± 19.8 | 130.4 ± 16.5 | 0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 76.2 ± 12.2 | 79.5 ± 10.5 | 0.0004 | 70.6 ± 10.1 | 74.1 ± 9.0 | 0.005 |
| Previous history of MI or stroke |
25 (16.6) | 95 (8.3) | 0.001 | 12 (21.8) | 73 (6.5) | <0.0001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 86 (57.0) | 436 (38.1) | <0.0001 | 38 (69.1) | 545 (48.6) | 0.003 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 63 (41.7) | 316 (27.6) | 0.0004 | 17 (30.9) | 153 (13.6) | 0.0004 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 143 (94.7) | 888 (77.7) | <0.0001 | 52 (94.5) | 798 (71.1) | 0.0002 |
| Statin use, n (%) | 36 (23.8) | 202 (17.7) | 0.066 | 25 (45.5) | 321 (28.6) | 0.007 |
| Aspirin, n (%) | 63 (41.7) | 362 (31.7) | 0.014 | 34 (61.8) | 452 (40.3) | 0.002 |
| Estrogen, n (%) | 24 (15.9) | 195 (17.1) | 0.719 | 4 (7.3) | 263 (23.4) | 0.005 |
| MPOa, ng/ml | 45.4 ± 29.4 | 42.8 ± 29.4 | 0.325 | 53.7 ± 44.1 | 34.2 ± 28.9 | <0.0001 |
| ABIa,b | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | <0.0001 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | <0.0001 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dl | 8.1 ± 8.0 | 5.5 ± 6.1 | <0.0001 | 4.8 ± 6.5 | 4.2 ± 5.0 | 0.372 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or percentage of study participants.
BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; MPO, myeloperoxidase; ABI, ankle–brachial index.
a
In African-Americans, n for MPO and ABI is 1164 and 1294, respectively; in Non-Hispanic white individuals, n for MPO and ABI is 1215 and 1177, respectively.
b
ABI was missing in 30 African-Americans and 60 non-Hispanic white individuals.