Figure 3.

Ket-1/Li⁺-10 combination treatment increases spine density and spine head diameter in mPFC layer V pyramidal cells. mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons from each treatment condition (saline, Ket-1, Li-10, Ket-10, or Ket-1/Li-10) were filled passively during the recording via patch pipettes containing neurobiotin and were later stained with streptavidin conjugated to Alexa Fluor 594 and subjected to post-hoc two-photon microscopy and analysis. (a) Representative two-photon images are shown of high magnification Z-stack projections of the apical tuft branch segments (scale bar shown in bottom panel). (b) The density of spines and (c) spine head diameter were analyzed using Neurolucida/Autospine (version 10.2). The results in b and c are the mean±SEM (F=8.15 for spine density and F=16.83 for spine head diameter, p<0.05; post-hoc test *p<0.05 vs control, **p<0.01 vs control; n=10–18 cells from 4–7 rats). (d) The spine head diameter is also shown in the cumulative fraction curves. Note that curves for Ket-10 and Ket-1/Li-10 are completely superimposed and cannot be discriminated.