Table 4.
Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis predicting cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction
| Univariable | Multivariable | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | X2 | Hazard Ratio (95% CI)* |
p-value | X2 | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) |
p-value |
| Age (increase by 10) | 9.6 | 1.31 (1.10–1.56) | 0.002† | 1.2 | 1.14 (0.91–1.43) | 0.27 |
| Male gender | 5.5 | 1.93 (1.12–3.36) | 0.008† | 1.9 | 1.51 (0.85–2.69) | 0.16 |
| Hypertension | 0.0 | 1.05 (0.59–1.86) | 0.86 | |||
| Hyperlipidemia | 6.1 | 2.05 (1.16–3.63) | 0.013 | |||
| Tobacco use | 0.1 | 0.72 (0.69–1.71) | 0.72 | |||
| Ischemic symptoms | 0.3 | 1.14 (0.72–1.81) | 0.58 | |||
| Body mass index ≥30 | 1.8 | 0.70 (0.41–1.18) | 0.18 | |||
| Known CAD* | 33.4 | 3.75 (2.40–5.88) | <0.001† | 10.6 | 2.76 (1.50–5.08) | <0.001† |
| Prior MI* | 13.5 | 2.20 (1.44–3.34) | <0.001† | |||
| Prior revascularization | 19.9 | 2.56 (1.69–3.87) | <0.001† | |||
| Pharmacologic stress | 9.7 | 3.65 (1.62–8.24) | 0.002† | 11.7 | 3.76 (1.76–8.03) | 0.001† |
| ST-Depression ≥1mm | 0.2 | 1.17 (0.54–2.52) | 0.70 | |||
| LVEF (5% Decrements)*ǂ | 18.1 | 1.19 (1.10–1.29) | <0.001† | |||
| LV Ischemia (5% Increments)*ǂ | 15.1 | 1.46 (1.21–1.77) | <0.001† | 6.5 | 1.32 (1.07–1.62) | 0.003† |
*
CI=confidence interval; CAD=coronary artery disease; EF=ejection fraction; LV=left ventricular; MI=myocardial infarction.
†
Prior MI was considered to provide redundant information to known CAD and was not included in the multivariable model.
ǂ
LVEF and LV ischemia are coded in 5% increments so that the hazard ratio represents the increased risk of events with a 5% decrease in LVEF and 5% increase in LV ischemia, respectively.