Table 4.
Changes in biomarker levels by study group.
| Study Visit Means ± SD | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Study Group | Baseline | 6 Months | 12 Months | Change, Baseline to 12 Months (95% CI)* | P Value for Trend Within Group | P Value for group difference in trend |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | CRM | 71.1 (40.6) | 77.2 (40.4) | 72.5 (46.9) | -3.77 (-16.54, 9.00) | 0.56 | 0.65 |
| HE | 70.4 (37.4) | 71.5 (39.9) | 67.5 (37.2) | 0.36 (-12.53, 13.24) | 0.96 | ||
| LgAdiponectin (ng/mL) | CRM | 9.0 (0.5) | 9.0 (0.5) | 9.0 (0.4) | 0.05 (-0.13, 0.23) | 0.58 | 0.40 |
| HE | 9.2 (0.4) | 9.0 (0.4) | 9.2 (0.5) | -0.06 (-0.24, 0.12) | 0.52 | ||
| LgCRP (mg/L) | CRM | 1.2 (1.2) | 1.2 (0.8) | 1.1 (1.1) | -0.04 (-0.41, 0.32) | 0.81 | 0.24 |
| HE | 1.4 (1.1) | 1.4 (1.0) | 1.6 (1.0) | 0.27 (-0.11, 0.64) | 0.16 | ||
| LgIL-6 (pg/mL) | CRM | 0.1 (1.0) | 0.3 (1.0) | 0.3 (0.6) | 0.16 (-0.29, 0.62) | 0.47 | 0.57 |
| HE | 0.1 (1.2) | 0.3 (1.5) | 0.6 (1.0) | 0.35 (-0.10, 0.79) | 0.13 | ||
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | CRM | 2.3 (1.3) | 2.8 (1.2) | 2.4 (1.6) | -0.13 (-0.69, 0.44) | 0.66 | 0.24 |
| HE | 2.4 (1.8) | 3.4 (1.5) | 3.4 (1.4) | 0.35 (-0.22, 0.92) | 0.23 | ||
| LgPAI-1 (pg/mL) | CRM | 10.3 (1.0) | 10.2 (0.5) | 10.0 (0.7) | -0.03 (-0.41, 0.36) | 0.89 | 0.95 |
| HE | 10.4 (1.1) | 9.9 (0.8) | 9.9 (0.7) | -0.01 (-0.40, 0.38) | 0.96 | ||
*
Model estimates, adjusted for individual variance, obtained using repeated measures mixed effects models.
CRP: C-reactive protein; IL-6: interleukin 6; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor α. PAI-1: plasminogen activator inhibitor 1.