Usefulness of the DEXA visceral fat measurement and ratio of DEXA visceral fat to total fat to define a female obese mouse phenotype. A: DEXA visceral fat accumulation in female C57BL/6J mice on regular diet (○) and female MC4R-KO mice on regular diet (●). B: ratio of DEXA visceral fat to nonvisceral fat in female C57BL/6J mice on regular diet (○) and female MC4R-KO mice (●). C: DEXA visceral fat accumulation of B6D2 mice on regular diet (open bar; n = 26), on HFD (striped bar; n = 8), on HFD plus a previous ovariectomy at 4 wk of age (checkered bar; n = 16), on HFD plus a previous ovariectomy at 4 wk of age, and on estradiol replacement therapy for 1 mo (black bar; n = 8). D: ratio of DEXA visceral fat to nonvisceral fat of B6D2 mice on regular diet at 10 wk of age, on HFD, on HFD plus a previous ovariectomy at 4 wk of age, on HFD plus a previous ovariectomy at 4 wk of age, and on estradiol replacement therapy for 1 mo (black bar; n = 8). E: visceral fat of DIO mice (open bar) and DIO diet-restored mice (black bar) measured by DEXA scan (n = 8) and direct dissection and weighing (n = 16); both methods showed a similar decrease in visceral fat after diet intervention (37.4 vs. 31.4%, respectively). Results are means ± SD. ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05.