Table 1.
Human studies investigating the satellite cell response to a single bout of exercise
| Exercise Type | Subjects' Training Status | Time After Exercise | Satellite Cell Proportion Increase |
|---|---|---|---|
| O'Reilly et al. (29) | |||
| Max eccentric: 30 × 10 reps at −180°/s | Not involved in any lower body weight training for at least 6 mo and unaccustomed to high-intensity eccentrically biased exercise | 1 and 3 days | 36% (1 day) and 80% (3 days) |
| Crameri et al. (13) | |||
| Max eccentric: 10 × 10 reps at −30°/s and 11 × 10 reps at −180°/s | Unaccustomed to high-intensity eccentric exercise and not participating in any regular exercise regimen | 4 and 8 days | >100% (4 days) and >100% (8 days) |
| Mackey et al. (25) | |||
| Endurance: 36-km run | Well-trained runners with a peak O2 consumption of 62±6 ml·kg−1·min−1 | 8 days | 27% |
| Dreyer et al. (15) | |||
| Max eccentric: 6 × 16 reps at −60°/s | Not currently participating in a resistance training program | 24 h | 141% (young) and 51% (old) |
| Crameri et al. (14) | |||
| Eccentric: 50 one-leg “drop-down” jumps; 8 × 10 reps at −30°/s and 8 × 10 reps at −180°/s | Sedentary and unaccustomed to high-intensity eccentric exercise and not participating in any regular exercise regimen | 2, 4, and 8 days | 97% (NS; 2 days), 123% (4 days), and 126% (8 days) |
| Paulsen et al. (32) | |||
| Max eccentric (elbow flexors): 14 × 5 reps at −30°/s | Physically active but not familiar with max eccentric exercise with elbow flexors | 1 h to 7 days (combined) | 19% |
The exercise type targeted thigh muscles unless otherwise indicated. The subjects' training status was as stated by the authors. The proportion of satellite cells was determined as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-positive cells as percentage of total myonuclei (increase in exercised samples vs. controls). Biopsies to measure satellite cell proliferation were from the vastus lateralis muscle except for Paulsen et al. (biceps brachii muscle), NS, not significant.