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. 2009 Aug;38(3):386–401. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00083.2009

Table 7.

Significant functional networks

Exposure Time, h
4 8 12 24
100 μM copper
Amino acid metabolism Cancer Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism
Cancer Cell cycle Cancer Cancer
Carbohydrate metabolism Cell death Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism
Cell cycle Cell morphology Cell cycle Cell cycle
Cell death Cell signaling Cell death Cell death
Cell morphology Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell morphology Cell morphology
Cell signaling Cellular growth and proliferation Cell signaling Cell signaling
Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions DNA replication, recombination, and repair Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cellular growth and proliferation
Lipid metabolism
Cellular growth and proliferation Free radical scavenging Cellular growth and proliferation
Lipid metabolism DNA replication, recombination, and repair Free radical scavenging
DNA replication, recombination, and repair
Free radical scavenging Gene expression
Gene expression Immune and lymphatic system development and function Immune response
Immune and lymphatic system development and function
Immune response Lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism Posttranslational modification
Posttranslational modification
200 μM copper
Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism
Cancer Cancer Cancer Cancer
Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism
Cell cycle Cell cycle Cell cycle Cell cycle
Cell death Cell death Cell death Cell death
Cell morphology Cell morphology Cell morphology Cell morphology
Cell signaling Cell signaling Cell signaling Cell signaling
Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions
Cellular growth and proliferation Cellular growth and proliferation Cellular growth and proliferation Cellular growth and proliferation
DNA replication, recombination, and repair Free radical scavenging DNA replication, recombination, and repair Free radical scavenging DNA Replication, recombination, and repair Free radical scavenging
DNA replication, recombination, and repair
Free radical scavenging Gene expression Gene expression Gene expression
Gene expression Immune and lymphatic system development and function Immune response Immune and lymphatic system development and function Immune response Immune and lymphatic system development and function Immune response
Immune and lymphatic system development and function
Immune response Lipid metabolism Lipid metabolism Lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism Posttranslational modification Posttranslational modification
Posttranslational modification
400 μM copper
Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism
Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism
Cell cycle Cell cycle Cell cycle Cell cycle
Cell death Cell death Cell death Cell death
Cell morphology Cell morphology Cell morphology Cell morphology
Cell signaling Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell signaling Cell signaling
Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions
Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cellular development
Cellular growth and proliferation Cellular development Cellular development
Cellular development DNA replication, recombination, and repair Gene expression Cellular growth and proliferation Cellular growth and proliferation
Cellular growth and proliferation DNA replication, recombination, and repair DNA replication, recombination, and repair
DNA replication, recombination, and repair Immune and lymphatic system development and function Gene expression Free radical scavenging
Immune and lymphatic system development and function Immune response Gene expression Immune and lymphatic system development and function
Free radical scavenging Immune response
Gene expression Lipid metabolism
Immune and lymphatic system development and function
Immune response Posttranslational modification Lipid metabolism Immune response
Lipid metabolism Protein synthesis Posttranslational modification Lipid metabolism
Protein synthesis Protein synthesis Protein synthesis
600 μM copper
Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism
Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism
Cell cycle Cell cycle Cell cycle Cell cycle
Cell death Cell death Cell death Cell death
Cell morphology Cell morphology Cell morphology Cell morphology
Cell signaling Cell signaling Cell signaling Cell signaling
Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions Cell-to-cell signaling and interactions
Cellular development Cellular development Cellular development Cellular development
Cellular growth and proliferation Cellular growth and proliferation Cellular growth and proliferation Cellular growth and proliferation
DNA replication, recombination, and repair Free radical scavenging DNA replication, recombination, and repair Free radical scavenging DNA replication, recombination, and repair Gene expression
DNA replication, recombination, and repair
Gene expression Gene expression Gene expression Immune and lymphatic system development and function Immune response
Immune and lymphatic system development and function Immune and lymphatic system development and function Immune and lymphatic system development and function
Immune response Immune response Immune response Lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism Lipid metabolism Lipid metabolism Posttranslational modification
Posttranslational modification Posttranslational modification Posttranslational modification Protein synthesis
Protein synthesis Protein synthesis Protein synthesis