Table 1. Baseline characteristics of participants studied.
| Total (n=8441) | Men (n=3939) | Women (n=4502) | Z for gender comparison | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age,years | 51.1 (24.5-75.9) | 51.2 (24.2-76.0) | 51.0 (24.8-75.9) | 0.65 |
| BMIa, kg/m2 | 23.1 (18.2-29.6) | 23.1 (18.3-29.4) | 23.0 (18.2-29.7) | 0.80 |
| Waist circumference, cmb | 82.0 (66.5-100.1) | 84.0 (68.0-102.0) | 80.3 (65.2-99.0) | <0.001 |
| SBP, mm Hgc | 120.7 (100.0-160.0) | 122.0 (100.7-160.0) | 120.00 (97.3-161.3) | <0.001 |
| DBP, mm Hgc | 80.0 (62.0-100.0) | 80.7 (66.0-100.7) | 80.0 (60.7-100.0) | <0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.8 (3.4-6.6) | 4.7 (3.4-6.5) | 4.8 (3.4-6.7) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.4 (0.9-2.1) | 1.3 (0.9-2.1) | 1.4 (1.0-2.1) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.9 (1.6-4.6) | 2.9 (1.5-4.5) | 2.9 (1.7-4.7) | <0.001[37] |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.2 (0.6-3.6) | 1.3 (0.6-4.1) | 1.2 (0.6-3.3) | <0.001 |
| FPG, mmol/ | 5.1 (4.2-7.5) | 5.1 (4.1-7.8) | 5.1 (4.2-7.2) | <0.001 |
| hs-CRP, n(%) | <0.001 | |||
| Level-1(< 3 mg/l) | 6403 (75.86) | 2991 (75.93) | 3412 (75.79) | |
| Level-2(3-10 mg/l) | 1692 (20.05) | 764 (19.40) | 928 (20.61) | |
| Level-3(> 10 mg/l) | 346 (4.10) | 162 (3.60) | 184 (4.67) | |
| Smokers, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Never | 5840 (69.2) | 1517 (38.5) | 4323 (96.0) | |
| Former | 274 (3.3) | 259 (6.6) | 15 (0.3) | |
| Current | 2327 (27.5) | 2163 (54.9) | 164 (3.7) | |
| Alcohol use/last year, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| No | 5691 (67.4) | 1583 (40.2) | 4108 (91.3) | |
| Yes | 2750 (32.6) | 2356 (59.8) | 394 (8.7) | |
| Education, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Low | 3655 (43.3) | 1337 (33.9) | 2318 (51.5) | |
| Medium | 2787 (33.0) | 1495 (38.0) | 1292 (28.7) | |
| High | 1999 (23.7) | 1107 (28.1) | 892 (19.8) | |
| History of diabetes | 907 (10.8) | 458 (11.6) | 449 (10.0) | 0.01 |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 82 (1.0) | 39 (1.0) | 43 (1.0) | 0.87 |
| History of stroke | 117 (1.4) | 79 (2.0) | 38 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| History of hypertension | 1114 (13.2) | 500 (12.7) | 614 (13.6) | 0.20 |
| ATP III MetS, n (%) | 1926 (22.8) | 783 (19.9) | 1143 (25.4) | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (>90 cm in men and >80 cm in women) | 3633 (43.0) | 1189 (30.2) | 2444 (54.3) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (1.7mmol/L) | 2462 (29.2) | 1243 (31.6) | 1219 (27.1) | <0.001 |
| Glucose (>5.6mmol/L) | 1168 (13.8) | 618 (15.7) | 550 (12.2) | <0.001 |
| HDL (<1.03mmol/L in men and <1.3mmol/L in women) | 2167 (25.7) | 663 (16.8) | 1504 (33.4) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension(>130/85mmHg or treatment) | 3517 (41.7) | 1816 (46.1) | 1701 (37.8) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as median (5 percentile, 95 percentile) or percent.
Chi-square test for categorical variables, the unpaired t test or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables.
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; FPG, Fasting plasma glucose; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MetS, metabolic syndrome.
a Information on BMI was available for 3908 men and 4482 women.
b Information on waist circumference was available for 3898 men and 4461 women.
c Information on SBP and DBP was available for 3937 men and 4499 women.