Table 2.
Baseline patient’s characteristics
| CALM-BP (n=58) | DASH (n=55) | All (N=113) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (s.d.) | 57 (8) | 58 (9) | 57 (9) | 0.67 |
| Women, % | 48 | 54 | 51 | 0.50 |
| BMI, kg m−2 (s.d.) | 30 (4) | 29 (4) | 29 (4) | 0.78 |
| Current smokers, % | 10 | 2 | 6 | 0.83 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 9 | 9 | 9 | 0.95 |
| CVA/TIA, % | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.30 |
| IHD, % | 2 | 10 | 5 | 0.08 |
| CRF, % | 4 | 6 | 5 | 0.62 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, %a | 31 | 52 | 42 | 0.02 |
| Mean 24 h systolic blood pressure (s.d.) | 132 (12) | 129 (14) | 130 (13) | 0.17 |
| Mean 24 h diastolic blood pressure (s.d.) | 80 (9) | 79 (9) | 80 (9) | 0.35 |
| BP medication use, % b | ||||
| ACE | 48 | 55 | 51 | 0.44 |
| ARB | 24 | 21 | 23 | 0.77 |
| CCB | 37 | 41 | 39 | 0.59 |
| β-Blockers | 47 | 51 | 49 | 0.64 |
| α-Blockers | 14 | 6 | 10 | 0.13 |
| Diuretics | 47 | 47 | 47 | 0.93 |
| Lipids medication use, %a | 26 | 56 | 41 | 0.01 |
Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin-converting inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CALM-BP, Comprehensive Approach to Lowering Measured Blood Pressure; CCB, calcium channel blockers; CRF, chronic renal failure; CVA, cerebrovascular accident, DASH, Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.
CALM-BP is based on complementary medicine principles.
DASH is according to the US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
Mean difference between groups with P<0.05.
Combined therapy according to specific class: CCB, ARB and ACE.