Fig. 5.
Mature DCs were challenged with 5 μl (1 × 109/ml) combinations of P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum or P. intermedia and F. nucleatum. The mDCs were defined by flow cytometry phenotypically as CD80hi, CD83hi, CD86hi, and HLA-DRhi compared to the original THP-1 cells [54]. The bars denote the mean of at least triplicate determinations and the brackets enclose 1 SD. Pg + Fn or Pi + Fn denotes addition of the values from the two individual challenge conditions and Pg/Fn or Pi/Fn denotes an experimental challenge with the combination of the bacteria. The asterisk denotes statistically greater than control levels at least at p < 0.05. The dagger denotes statistical difference of the bacterial combination when compared to the additive levels of the two bacteria, at least at p < 0.05