Table 3.

Baseline, 6-month, and Change in Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) and Pressures in Exercisers (EX) vs. Controls (CONT) Stratified by Baseline ABI in SHAPE2

		Baseline	6 months	Change	Group	Time	Group × Time
Baseline ABI≥1.0 (EX n=31 ; CONT n=37)
Overall ABI*	EX	1.09 ± 0.01	1.07 ± 0.01†	−0.02 ± 0.02	0.824	<0.001	0.085
	CONT	1.09 ± 0.01	1.02 ± 0.02†	−0.06 ± 0.02
Right ABI	EX	1.12 ± 0.02	1.10 ± 0.02†	−0.02 ± 0.02	0.268	0.017	0.414
	CONT	1.10 ± 0.01	1.05 ± 0.02†	−0.05 ± 0.02
Left ABI	EX	1.11 ± 0.02	1.11 ± 0.02†	0.00 ± 0.02	0.447	0.004	0.047
	CONT	1.09 ± 0.01	1.04 ± 0.02†	−0.05 ± 0.02
Systolic Blood Pressure**	EX	124 ± 3	128 ± 2	4 ± 3	0.750	0.773	0.322
	CONT	129 ± 2	127 ± 2	−2 ± 3
Right Ankle Pressure***	EX	139 ± 4	141 ± 3†	1 ± 3†	0.901	0.004	0.027
	CONT	141 ± 2	133 ± 3†	−8 ± 2†
Left Ankle Pressure***	EX	138 ± 3	142 ± 3†	4 ± 3†	0.764	0.001	0.001
	CONT	140 ± 2	131 ± 3†	−9 ± 2†
Baseline ABI < 1.0 (EX n=18 ; CONT n=23 )
Overall ABI*	EX	0.92 ± 0.02	1.06 ± 0.03†	0.14 ± 0.03†	0.619	0.324	0.001
	CONT	0.93 ± 0.01	0.96 ± 0.02†	0.02 ± 0.02†
Right ABI	EX	0.97 ± 0.02	1.08 ± 0.043	0.11 ± 0.03†	0.672	0.788	0.008
	CONT	0.98 ± 0.02	0.99 ± 0.02†	0.01 ± 0.02†
Left ABI	EX	0.97 ± 0.03	1.09 ± 0.03†	0.12 ± 0.03†	0.964	0.365	0.006
	CONT	0.97 ± 0.02	0.99 ± 0.02†	0.02 ± 0.02†
Systolic Blood Pressure**	EX	129 ± 4	123 ± 4	−6 ± 5	0.432	0.832	0.300
	CONT	124 ± 2	124 ± 3	0 ± 2
Right Ankle Pressure***	EX	126 ± 5	132 ± 5	7 ± 5	0.765	0.983	0.176
	CONT	123 ± 3	123 ± 3	0 ± 3
Left Ankle Pressure***	EX	127 ± 7	134 ± 5	7 ± 5	0.640	0.602	0.299
	121 ± 4	124 ± 4	2 ± 2

Data displayed as mean ± SE

^*Lower of the right and left ABIs

^**Higher of the right and left brachial pressures or average if difference between measures was >10 mmHg

^***Higher of the posterior tibialis and dorsalis pedis pressures

^†p<0.05 comparing EX vs. CONT within column