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. 2013 Sep 17;4:282. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00282

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Copyright © 2013 Van Braeckel-Budimir, Haijema and Leenhouts.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Change in HI titers against (A) influenza B, (B) influenza H1N1 (C) and influenza H3N2 upon vaccination. HI titers in sera of study subjects were measured on study days 0 (baseline titers), 21, and 42. Only titers measured in subjects with baseline <40 are depicted. For all three influenza strains, responses induced by i.n. vaccination with FluGEM-A were faster and of higher-magnitude, when compared to responses induced by i.n. vaccination with TIV (barely reach protective titer of 40).