Table 1. Objective Probability of Mortality.
Descriptive Statistics SAD |
Descriptive Statistics HRSa |
Hazard Results |
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Coefficients | Hazard Ratios | |||||||
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Variables | Mean | Std. dev. |
Mean | Std. dev. |
Coefficient | Std. error |
Hazard ratio |
95% Conf. interval |
A. Alcohol consumption characteristics |
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Drinking categories | ||||||||
Heavy drinker | 0.05 | 0.21 | 0.06 | 0.23 | −0.26 | 0.21 | 0.77 | [0.51, 1.17] |
Binge drinker | 0.40 | 0.49 | 0.14 | 0.35 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 1.16 | [0.90, 1.49] |
Heavy binge drinker | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0.11 | 0.31 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 1.16 | [0.89, 1.51] |
Other drinker | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.69 | 0.46 | - | - | - | - |
CAGE = 0 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 0.73 | 0.45 | - | - | - | - |
CAGE = 1 | 0.24 | 0.43 | 0.14 | 0.34 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 1.05 | [0.81, 1.36] |
CAGE = 2 | 0.21 | 0.41 | 0.079 | 0.27 | −0.11 | 0.17 | 0.90 | [0.65, 1.24] |
CAGE = 3/4 | 0.17 | 0.38 | 0.053 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 1.19 | [0.85, 1.67] |
B. Health characteristics | ||||||||
Self-rated health | ||||||||
Excellent | 0.25 | 0.43 | 0.23 | 0.42 | - | - | - | - |
Very good | 0.44 | 0.50 | 0.36 | 0.48 | 0.43** | 0.16 | 1.54 | [1.13, 2.10] |
Good | 0.22 | 0.42 | 0.27 | 0.45 | 0.93** | 0.16 | 2.54 | [1.85, 3.49] |
Fair | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0.10 | 0.31 | 1.48** | 0.19 | 4.39 | [3.01, 6.39] |
Poor | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.18 | 2.31** | 0.28 | 10.12 | [5.90, 17.38] |
Cognition status | ||||||||
Recall | 7.41 | 0.81 | 7.52 | 0.79 | −0.049 | 0.055 | 0.95 | [0.85, 1.06] |
Serial-7 subtraction | 4.56 | 0.90 | 3.88 | 1.47 | −0.044 | 0.034 | 0.96 | [0.90, 1.02] |
Numeracy | 2.45 | 0.77 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Memory = excellent | 0.16 | 0.36 | 0.07 | 0.25 | - | - | - | - |
Memory = very good / good | 0.72 | 0.45 | 0.69 | 0.46 | −0.051 | 0.184 | 0.95 | [0.66, 1.36] |
Memory = fair / poor | 0.12 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.43 | −0.328 | 0.20 | 0.72 | [0.49. 1.07] |
C. Demographic characteristics | ||||||||
Female | 0.54 | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.50 | −0.64** | 0.11 | 0.53 | [0.43, 0.65] |
Age | 43.4 | 12.51 | 58.77 | 5.43 | 0.086** | 0.011 | 1.09 | [1.07, 1.11] |
Non-Hispanic white | 0.86 | 0.34 | 0.81 | 0.39 | - | - | - | - |
Hispanic | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.06 | 0.24 | −0.13 | 0.19 | 0.88 | [0.60, 1.28] |
Black | 0.11 | 0.32 | 0.12 | 0.32 | −0.12 | 0.14 | 0.89 | [0.67, 1.17] |
Other race | 0.04 | 0.19 | 0.02 | 0.15 | −0.35 | 0.33 | 0.70 | [0.36, 1.35] |
Currently married | 0.46 | 0.50 | 0.77 | 0.42 | −0.2 | 0.11 | 0.82 | [0.66, 1.01] |
Edu. attainment (yrs.) | 15.6 | 1.94 | 12.95 | 2.85 | 0.023 | 0.018 | 1.02 | [0.99, 1.06] |
D. City | ||||||||
Raleigh | 0.39 | 0.49 | ||||||
Hickory | 0.06 | 0.23 | ||||||
Philadelphia | 0.11 | 0.32 | ||||||
Wilkes-Barre | 0.05 | 0.22 | ||||||
Seattle | 0.16 | 0.37 | ||||||
Yakima | 0.04 | 0.19 | ||||||
La Crosse | 0.08 | 0.27 | ||||||
Milwaukee | 0.11 | 0.31 | ||||||
E. Mortality | ||||||||
Prob. of death (through 2008) | - | - | 0.13 | 0.34 | - | - | - | - |
Intercept | −11.5** | 0.89 | - | - | ||||
Shape parameter | 1.585** | 0.081 | 1.585** | 0.081 | ||||
Log likelihood | −2086.8 | −2086.8 | ||||||
Number of observations | 1,359 | 4,957 | 4,957 | 4,957 |
Baseline characteristics are from HRS data wave 3, 1996.
HRS data are for 1996-2008.
p<0.01,
p<0.05