Figure 2.

Profile of the gene expression of SOCS3, proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 during the course of LPS-induced periodontal disease. Expression of all proinflammatory cytokines and SOCS3 was increased at the 15- and 30-day experimental periods, with a peak in this increase at 15 days. No regulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was observed in any of the experimental periods. mRNA expression was normalized to the expression of the housekeeping gene GAPDH. The bars represent mean fold changes, and the vertical lines represent the standard deviation of the mean fold change of six animals in each experimental group in comparison to untreated control. *Significant differences (P < 0.05, ANOVA, and post hoc Tukey tests for pairwise comparisons).