Table 3.
Methodologies used to overproduce drugs using engineered genomics approach.
| Strains | Drugs | Approach | Methodologies |
|---|---|---|---|
| S. kanamyceticus | Kanamycin | Genome guided overexpression of gene clusters in native and heterologous hosts | Overexpression of extra copy of the gene cluster enhanced kanamycin production |
| S. ansochromogenes | Nikkomycin | Genome guided overexpression of gene clusters in native and heterologous hosts | Overexpression of extra copy of the gene cluster enhanced nikkomycins production |
| S. coelicolor | Actinorhodin | Genome guided overexpression of gene clusters in native and heterologous hosts | Tandem copies of the gene cluster increased actinorhodin production |
| S. avermitilis | Streptomycin, cephamycin C, and pladienolide | Genome guided overexpression of gene clusters in native and heterologous hosts | Heterologous expression in genome-minimized strain |
| S. venezuelae YJ003 | Tylosin, kanamycin, spectinomycin, spectinamine, gentamicin, and epothilones | Genome guided overexpression of gene clusters in native and heterologous hosts | Heterologous expression in pikromycin gene cluster deleted strain |
| S. lividans TK-23, TK-24, and TK-63 | Daptomycin and paromamine | Genome guided overexpression of gene clusters in native and heterologous hosts | Heterologous expression |
| S. lividans | Capreomycin | Genome guided overexpression of gene clusters in native and heterologous hosts | Heterologous expression |
| S. albus J1074 | Thiocoraline | Genome guided overexpression of gene clusters in native and heterologous hosts | Heterologous expression |
| S. fradiae | Tylosin | Genome shuffling guided enhancement of secondary metabolites | Two rounds of genome shuffling |
| S. gilvosporeus SG1 | Natamycin | Genome shuffling guided enhancement of secondary metabolites | Four rounds of genome shuffling |
| S. pristinaespiralis | Pristinamycin | Genome shuffling guided enhancement of secondary metabolites | Four rounds of genome shuffling to increase the resistivity against pristinamycin enhanced pristinamycin production |
| S. sp. U121 | (2S, 3R)-HCA | Genome shuffling guided enhancement of secondary metabolites | Generating resistance mechanism for transepoxyaconitic acid by three rounds of shuffling |
|
S. padanus,
S. griseofuscus, S. graminearus, S. hygroscopicus, and S. albulus |
ε-Poly-l-lysine | Genome shuffling guided enhancement of secondary metabolites | Through glucose, sulfa guanidine, and succinic acid tolerance and genome shuffling |