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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2013 Jun 11;33:102–111. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.06.001

Fig. 8. Possible mechanism of TNFα-induced-CRF-dependent GABA release.

Fig. 8

As noted, TNFα could act on a glial cell to induce glial release of CRF. This is consistent with the TNFα-induced release of GABA being blocked either by blocking glial activation with minocycline or by blocking the effect of CRF at its receptor on the presynaptic terminal with a CRF-1-antagonist [X]. Noted is that TNFα also acts on the post-synaptic neuron to activate the PI-3-K to allow amplitude of mEPSCs to be increased (Fig. 3)